Elastase is not sufficient to induce experimental abdominal aortic aneurysms

Carsten, Christopher G.; Calton, William C.; Johanning, Jason M.; Armstrong, Peter; Franklin, David P.; Carey, David J.; Elmore, James R.

doi:10.1067/mva.2001.112706

Cited by 39 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The reasons lie in the fact that the increasing aneurysm diameter is associated with a higher density of inflammatory cells in the adventitia and the infiltrating macrophages induced by inflammation are the predominant MMP-9 secreting cells [28]. The elastase-induced experimental models of AAAs have been proven to depend not on the elastolytic activity of the infusate but on inflammatory modifiers and subsequent proteolytic degradation [29]. NF-kB, with high activity in both human and experimental AAAs, plays a major role in these pathologic conditions of inflammation [9,30].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Suppression of Experimental Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm in a Rat Model by the Phosphodiesterase 3 Inhibitor Cilostazol

Zhang

Huang

Xia

et al. 2011

Journal of Surgical Research

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Suppression of Experimental Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm in a Rat Model by the Phosphodiesterase 3 Inhibitor Cilostazol

Zhang

Huang

Xia

et al. 2011

Journal of Surgical Research

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“…Interestingly, susceptibility to AAA development in this model is dependent on the mouse strain used 3 . The mouse used in the current video is of the C57Bl/6 strain which has consistent development of AAA using the outlined protocol.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous studies have noted significant lot-to-lot variation in AAA development from different commercial elastase preparations 3 . Thus, it is critical to monitor production lots as well as to have appropriate control groups in order to document the ability of the preparation to induce AAAs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Creation of Murine Experimental Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms with Elastase

Azuma

Asagami

Dalman

et al. 2009

JoVE

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Transient intraluminal infusion of porcine pancreatic elastase into the infrarenal segment of the abdominal aorta is the most widely used animal model of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) ever since it was first described in rats by Anidjar and colleagues. 1 The rationale for its development was based on the disrupted nature of elastin observed in AAAs. This rat model has been modified to produce AAAs in the infrarenal aortic region of mice. 2 The model has the ability to add broad insight into the pathobiology of AAA due to the emergence of numerous transgenic and gene knockout mice. Moreover, it is a viable platform to test potential therapeutic agents for AAA. In this video, we demonstrate the elastase infusion AAA procedure used in our laboratory.Mice are anesthetized using 2.5% isoflurane, and a laparotomy is performed under sterile conditions. The abdominal aortais isolated with the assistance of an operating stereomicroscope (Leica). After placing temporary ligatures around the proximal and distal aorta, an aortotomy is created at the bifurcation with the tip of a 30-gauge needle. A heat-tapered segment of PE-10 polyethylene tubing is introduced through the aortotomy and secured. The aortic lumen is subsequently perfused for 5-15 minutes at 100 mm Hg with saline containing type I porcine pancreatic elastase (4.5 U/mL; Sigma Chemical Co.). After removing the perfusion catheter, the aortotomy is repaired without constriction of the lumen. 3. The mouse is placed supine on the operative field. 4. Sterile gloves are worn by the surgeon, and the instruments used have been sterilized with hot bead sterilizer. 5. A long midline abdominal incision is made. Abdominal contents are retracted outside the abdomen with sterile gauze to expose the abdominal aorta. 6. The abdominal aorta is isolated from the level of the left renal vein to the bifurcation. 7. The branches of the abdominal aorta are exposed and ligated with 10-0 sutures. All aortic branches within 1.0cm of the bifurcation are ligated. 8. Temporary 6.0 silk ligatures are placed around the proximal and distal portions of the aorta 9. An aortotomy is created at the bifurcation with a 30-gauge needle. 10. Heat-tapered polyethylene tubing (PE-10) is introduced through the aortotomy and secured with a tie. 11. Using a saline bag hung at the height of 136 cm to calibrate 100 mmHg, the aorta is filled with the saline containing 4.5 U/mL Type I porcine pancreatic elastase. The aorta typically dilates to 150-170% of its original diameter during the 5-15 minute elastase perfusion. 12. The perfusion catheter is then removed and the aortotomy closed with a 10-0 suture to avoid constriction. 13. After the aortotomy is closed, the distal ligature is removed. 14. If there is little or no bleeding from the repaired aortotomy, the proximal ligature is removed. The expanded aorta fills with blood immediately. 15. The intestines are returned to the abdomen, and the wound is closed in two layers with 6-0 nylon / polypropylene suture. 16. 0.25% Bupivicaime drops (appx on...

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“…9,10 Aneurysm production in the rat model is also multifactorial, depending not on the elastolytic activity of the infusate but on infl ammatory modifi ers and subsequent proteolytic degradation. 11 Azelnidipine signifi cantly reduced the extent of aneurysmal dilatation in comparison to the control group. The size of the treated aortas increased to 6.5-fold in comparison to 8.8-fold in the control animals (P = 0.009).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%