Élaboration du rendement et fertilisation azotée du blé d'hiver en Champagne crayeuse I. - Protocole et méthode d'étude d'un problème technique régional

Boiffin, Jean; Caneill, Jacques; Meynard, Jean-Marc; Sébillotte, Michel

doi:10.1051/agro:19810705

Cited by 29 publications

(32 citation statements)

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“…The high correlation between yield and grain number in our experiments is consistent with many previous results (Boiffin et al, 1981; Echeverria et al, 1992; Fischer, 1993; Abbate et al, 1995). Yet in our experiments grain number was linked to spike number in some cases and to grain number per spike in other cases.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…In organic agriculture, the cost of organic N fertilizer is too high to ensure N conditions are not limiting for optimal growth throughout the cycle (David, 1997). Therefore, in humid temperate climates, N is still a major limiting factor for wheat (Boiffin et al, 1981; Frederick and Marshall, 1985; Mascianica and Walden, 1986).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…In particular, it is essential to determine whether all N deficiencies are detrimental to yield, or whether some deficiencies can be tolerated because they have only minor effects on yield. It is already known that in various environmental conditions, including those in which N levels vary (Boiffin et al, 1981; Abbate et al, 1995), wheat yield is largely determined by the grain number per square meter (GN) of the crop. However, few studies have quantified differences in GN in response to N nutrition, or in relation to the intensity and duration of the N deficiencies.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Intensity and Duration of Nitrogen Deficiency on Wheat Grain Number

Jeuffroy¹,

Bouchard²

1999

Crop Science

104

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We need to understand the effects of N deficiency on yield according to the crop stage at which it occurs In humid temperate climates, N is still a major limiting factor and its duration and intensity, to optimize N fertilization for wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) production. Our objective was to understand and quantify N deficiency effects on the crop grain number under these constraints. In particular, it is essential to to develop optimum N fertilizer management strategies for wheat. In determine whether all N deficiencies are detrimental to this aim, several experiments were conducted on various soil types and yield, or whether some deficiencies can be tolerated climates with 'Soissons' winter wheat. Rates and dates of N fertilizer because they have only minor effects on yield. It is application were varied in each experiment. This resulted in highly already known that in various environmental conditions, variable dynamics of N accumulation in plants, leading to various N including those in which N levels vary (Boiffin et al., deficiencies throughout the crop cycle. Deficiencies were character-1981; Abbate et al., 1995), wheat yield is largely deterized by a N nutrition index (NNI). Seven criteria describing the defimined by the grain number per square meter (GN) of ciency (beginning of deficiency, BD; end of deficiency, ED; duration the crop. However, few studies have quantified differof deficiency, DD; intensity of deficiency, ID; the product ID ϫ DD ϭ ences in GN in response to N nutrition, or in relation IDD; the lack of nitrogen accumulation at anthesis, LNA; and the NNI at anthesis, NNI a ) were estimated for each treatment. Large to the intensity and duration of the N deficiencies. ranges were obtained for each criterion. Treatments also resulted in Little is known about the effects of N nutrition condihighly variable grain numbers. For a N deficient crop, the grain numtions on wheat GN. Abbate et al. (1995) have shown ber decrease relative to the control treatment in the same experiment that if N nutrition is limiting and continuous, i.e., the (RGN) was analyzed according to the deficiency criteria. Whatever wheat crop is subjected to N deficiency from early in the grain number component affected (spike number per per square the crop cycle until after anthesis, GN is strongly and meter or grain number per spike), the RGN appeared to depend on linearly correlated with the amount of N in the spikes the history of the deficiency, the main explicative variable being IDD, at anthesis. However, the effects of fluctuations in N that is, the product of the duration and the intensity of the deficiency. nutrition on GN, such as temporary N deficiency, are The equation RGN ϭ 1.00355-0.00110 ϫ IDD (R 2 ϭ 0.929) allowsunknown. In particular, the effects may vary according the prediction of grain number for wheat crops subjected to various N fertilization strategies.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Intensity and Duration of Nitrogen Deficiency on Wheat Grain Number

Jeuffroy¹,

Bouchard²

1999

Crop Science

104

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“…The "Champagne Céréales" cooperative members tend to represent the "big" cereal growers of the region, whereas the Agricultural Board is more concerned with mixed croplivestock farmers, whose specialisation towards cash crops has not begun or is just beginning; -they may have received different training: "Champagne Céréales" advisors may have been taught about the early experiments in the Champagne crayeuse of the Marne department. For example, in the late seventies, INRA did research on technical sequences on winter wheat in the "Champagne crayeuse" small agricultural district [7,19]. These studies may have been more rapidly known by the "Champagne Céréales" advisors, as the cooperative used to working in the Marne and Meuse departments, than by the advisors from the Meuse Agricultural Board;…”

Section: Consequences Of the Choice Of The Experts In The Survey Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial dynamics of agricultural practices on a basin territory: a retrospective study to implement models simulating nitrate flow. The case of the Seine basin

Mignolet¹,

Schott²,

Benoît³

2004

Agronomie

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-Within an interdisciplinary research programme which has aimed at modelling the nitrate flow evolution in the whole Seine basin since the seventies, we propose a methodological process in order to reconstitute and spatialise cropping systems' dynamics, whose characteristics are used to implement the STICS agronomic model. This process makes use of both expert opinions and departmental or national agricultural statistics that are compared, step by step, in order to build the most reliable database in relation to the time and space scales considered. Data mining and statistical cartography methods are, respectively used to model the crop sequences' temporal evolution and to spatialise them over the spatial pattern of the agricultural districts. The results show an important spatial and temporal differentiation of the cropping systems, both in the cropping sequences developed and in the cultivation techniques employed. Crossing several information sources allows the identification of historical trends, but with a decreasing precision as we go back in time.cropping system / statistical cartography / data mining / inquiry / agricultural statistics

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“…Similarly, in our experiment, kernel number per ear was more affected by low radiation than was chaff or straw dry weight. Thus, the close relationships between kernel number and chaff or straw dry weight (Boiffin et al, 1976(Boiffin et al, , 1981Fischer, 1985), which suggest that variations in these components result from the same factors, could be affected when grain set is reduced by limited pollen viability. This has also been suggested by Meynard and Sebillotte (1994 …”

Section: Effects Of Low Radiationmentioning

confidence: 99%