Élaboration d’un cadastre d’émissions interrégional pour la plate-forme de modélisation de prévisions cartographiques ESMERALDA

Cortinovis, Jérôme; Moreto, Frédérique; Yahyaoui, Abderrazak; Sauvage, A.; Létinois, Laurent

doi:10.4267/pollution-atmospherique.1503

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…The horizontal distribution of air pollutants at the European scale is also studied with CHIMERE chemistrytransport model simulations (Menut et al, 2013) from the inter-regional platform Esmeralda (EtudeS Multi RégionALes De l'Atmosphère, http://www.esmeralda-web.fr, Cortinovis et al, 2015). This model is run hourly and averaged at daily scale, with a horizontal resolution of 15 x 15 km 2 and 8 vertical levels between 40 m to 5 235 km.…”

Section: Regional Conditions From Satellite Data and Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diurnal evolution of total column and surface atmospheric ammonia in the megacity of Paris, France, during an intense springtime pollution episode

Kutzner¹,

Cuesta²,

Chelin³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Abstract. Ammonia (NH3) is a key precursor for the formation of atmospheric secondary inorganic particles, such as ammonium nitrate and sulfate. Although the chemical processes associated with the gas-to-particle conversion are well known, atmospheric concentrations of gaseous ammonia are still scarcely characterized. This information is however critical especially for processes concerning the equilibrium between ammonia and ammonium nitrate, due to the semi-volatile character of the latter one. This study presents an analysis of the diurnal cycle of atmospheric ammonia during a pollution event over the Paris megacity region in spring 2012 (five days in late March 2012). Our objective is to analyze the link between the diurnal evolution of surface NH3 concentrations and its integrated column abundance, meteorological variables and relevant chemical species involved in gas/particle partitioning. For this, we implement an original approach based on the combined use of surface and total column ammonia measurements. These last ones are derived from ground-based remote-sensing measurements performed by the Observations of the Atmosphere by Solar Infrared Spectroscopy (OASIS) Fourier transform infrared observatory at an urban site over the southeastern suburbs of the Paris megacity. This analysis considers the following meteorological variables relevant to the ammonia pollution event: temperature, relative humidity, wind speed and direction and vertical dilution in the atmospheric boundary layer. Moreover, we study the partitioning between ammonia and ammonium particles from concomitant measurements of total particulate matter (PM) and ammonium (NH4+) concentrations at the surface. We identify the origin of the pollution event as local emissions at the beginning of the analyzed period and advection of pollution from the Benelux and west Germany region by the end. Our results show a clearly different diurnal behavior of atmospheric ammonia concentrations at the surface and those vertically integrated over the total atmospheric column. Surface concentrations remain relatively stable during the day, while total column abundances show a minimum value in the morning and rise steadily to reach a relative maximum in the late afternoon during the spring pollution event. These differences are mainly explained by vertical mixing within the boundary layer, as suggested by ground-based measurements of vertical profiles of aerosol backscatter, used as tracer of the vertical distribution of pollutants in the atmospheric boundary layer. Indeed, the afternoon enhancement of ammonia clearly seen by OASIS for the whole atmospheric column is barely depicted by surface concentrations, as the latter are strongly affected by vertical dilution within the rising boundary layer. Moreover, the concomitant occurrence of a decrease of ammonium particle concentrations and an increase of gaseous ammonia abundance suggests the volatilization of particles for forming ammonia. Furthermore, surface observations may also suggest night-time formation of ammonium particles from gas-to-particle conversion, for relative humidity levels higher than the deliquescence point of ammonium nitrate.

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Section: Regional Conditions From Satellite Data and Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diurnal evolution of total column and surface atmospheric ammonia in the megacity of Paris, France, during an intense springtime pollution episode

Kutzner¹,

Cuesta²,

Chelin³

et al. 2020

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In the present analysis, we use in situ gaseous ammonia measurements at surface level carried out with an AiRRmonia instrument (Mechatronics Instruments, the Netherlands) at the SIRTA observatory (Haeffelin et al, 2005). The principle of this instrument, described in Cowen et al (2004), is essentially based on conductimetric detection of ammonia that is first absorbed via a gas-permeable membrane and dissolved in water (i.e., in the form of ammonium ions, forming acidic solution). Several intercomparison exercises have shown that this procedure provides more accurate NH 3 measurements (Norman et al, 2009;von Bobrutzki et al, 2010).…”

Section: Surface In Situ Observations Of Ammonia and Aerosol Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diurnal evolution of total column and surface atmospheric ammonia in the megacity of Paris, France, during an intense springtime pollution episode

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. Ammonia (NH3) is a key precursor for the formation of atmospheric secondary inorganic particles, such as ammonium nitrate and sulfate. Although the chemical processes associated with the gas-to-particle conversion are well known, atmospheric concentrations of gaseous ammonia are still scarcely characterized. However, this information is critical, especially for processes concerning the equilibrium between ammonia and ammonium nitrate, due to the semivolatile character of the latter. This study presents an analysis of the diurnal cycle of atmospheric ammonia during a pollution event over the Paris megacity region in spring 2012 (5 d in late March 2012). Our objective is to analyze the link between the diurnal evolution of surface NH3 concentrations and its integrated column abundance, meteorological variables and relevant chemical species involved in gas–particle partitioning. For this, we implement an original approach based on the combined use of surface and total column ammonia measurements. These last ones are derived from ground-based remote sensing measurements performed by the Observations of the Atmosphere by Solar Infrared Spectroscopy (OASIS) Fourier transform infrared observatory at an urban site over the southeastern suburbs of the Paris megacity. This analysis considers the following meteorological variables and processes relevant to the ammonia pollution event: temperature, relative humidity, wind speed and direction, and the atmospheric boundary layer height (as indicator of vertical dilution during its diurnal development). Moreover, we study the partitioning between ammonia and ammonium particles from concomitant measurements of total particulate matter (PM) and ammonium (NH4+) concentrations at the surface. We identify the origin of the pollution event as local emissions at the beginning of the analyzed period and advection of pollution from Benelux and western Germany by the end. Our results show a clearly different diurnal behavior of atmospheric ammonia concentrations at the surface and those vertically integrated over the total atmospheric column. Surface concentrations remain relatively stable during the day, while total column abundances show a minimum value in the morning and rise steadily to reach a relative maximum in the late afternoon during each day of the spring pollution event. These differences are mainly explained by vertical mixing within the boundary layer, provided that this last one is considered well mixed and therefore homogeneous in ammonia concentrations. This is suggested by ground-based measurements of vertical profiles of aerosol backscatter, used as tracer of the vertical distribution of pollutants in the atmospheric boundary layer. Indeed, the afternoon enhancement of ammonia clearly seen by OASIS for the whole atmospheric column is barely depicted by surface concentrations, as the surface concentrations are strongly affected by vertical dilution within the rising boundary layer. Moreover, the concomitant occurrence of a decrease in ammonium particle concentrations and an increase in gaseous ammonia abundance suggests the volatilization of particles for forming ammonia. Furthermore, surface observations may also suggest nighttime formation of ammonium particles from gas-to-particle conversion, for relative humidity levels higher than the deliquescence point of ammonium nitrate.

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Élaboration d’un cadastre d’émissions interrégional pour la plate-forme de modélisation de prévisions cartographiques ESMERALDA

Abstract: Cet article présente la méthodologie appliquée pour la constitution du cadastre d'émissions d'ESMERALDA. Ce cadastre couvre un domaine comprenant cinq régions

Cited by 2 publications

References 1 publication

Diurnal evolution of total column and surface atmospheric ammonia in the megacity of Paris, France, during an intense springtime pollution episode

Diurnal evolution of total column and surface atmospheric ammonia in the megacity of Paris, France, during an intense springtime pollution episode

Diurnal evolution of total column and surface atmospheric ammonia in the megacity of Paris, France, during an intense springtime pollution episode

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