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Bishop, Kevin; Lee, Ying-Hua; Munthe, John; Dambrine, Étienne

doi:10.1023/a:1005983932240

Cited by 162 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…These authors also showed that in the investigated deciduous species the dominating leaf sink for Hg was tissues of the leaf interior (>90%) with minor amounts on the surface and in the cuticle. Browne and Fang (1978), using a whole-plant chamber and 203 Hg-labelled mercury, found strong evidence that all Hg vapour uptake in wheat was confined to the leaves (basically nothing in stems and roots) and that the uptake was, like stomatal conductance, dependent on illumination but unaffected by temperature. As already mentioned, in our wheat experiment charcoal filtration of the air during the grain filling period essentially prevented net uptake of Hg by the leaves, pointing towards uptake from the atmosphere being the dominating Hg source.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Deposition of Hg, representing the downward flux, is a combination of Hg 0 (dry deposition) and oxidized species of Hg, including particulate Hg (dry and wet deposition). The re-emission of Hg from terrestrial and water surfaces, the upward flux, consist primarily of gaseous Hg 0 (Bishop et al, 2020). Wet deposition of Hg is widely monitored by measuring Hg in precipitation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This can be explained by the shortening of the leaf life span, i.e. of the duration of leaf physiological activity and gas exchange, and thus Hg uptake, by the senescence promoting air pollutant ozone(Gelang et al, 2000) Bishop et al (1998). investigated the xylem sap as a pathway for Hg to the canopy in Picea abies and Pinus sylvestris, with the aim to understand the contribution of this process to litter fall Hg.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Mercury accumulation in leaves of different plant types – the significance of tissue age and specific leaf area

Pleijel

Klingberg²,

Nerentorp

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Abstract. Mercury, Hg, is one of the most problematic metals from an environmental perspective. To assess the problems caused by Hg in the environment it is crucial to understand the processes of Hg biogeochemistry, but the exchange of Hg between the atmosphere and vegetation is not sufficiently well characterised. We explored the mercury concentration, [Hg], in foliage from a diverse set of plant types, locations and sampling periods to study whether there is a continuous accumulation of Hg in leaves/needles over time. Measurements of [Hg] were made in deciduous and conifer trees in Gothenburg, Sweden (Botanical Garden and city area) as well as of evergreen trees in Rwanda. In addition, data for wheat from an ozone experiment conducted at Östad, Sweden, were included. Conifer data were quantitatively compared with literature data. In every case where older foliage was directly compared with younger, [Hg] was higher in older tissue. Covering the range of current year up to four-year old needles, there was no sign of Hg saturation in conifer needles with age. Thus, over time scales of approximately one month to several years, the Hg uptake in foliage from the atmosphere always dominated over Hg evasion. Rwandan broadleaved trees had generally older leaves due to lack of seasonal abscission and higher [Hg] than Swedish broadleaved trees. The significance of atmospheric Hg uptake in plants was shown in a wheat experiment where charcoal filtrated air lead to significantly lower leaf [Hg]. To search for general patterns, the accumulation rates of Hg in the diverse set of tree species in the Gothenburg area were related to the specific leaf area (SLA). Leaf area based [Hg] was strongly negatively and non-linearly correlated with SLA, while mass-based [Hg] had a somewhat weaker positive relationship with SLA (both relationships with p < 0.001). An elaborated understanding of the relationship behind [Hg] and SLA would support large-scale modelling of Hg uptake by vegetation and Hg circulation in general.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Mercury accumulation in leaves of different plant types – the significance of tissue age and specific leaf area

Pleijel

Klingberg²,

Nerentorp

et al. 2021

Preprint

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“…Beside animals, that can accumulate Hg, also trees can take up Hg from their environment. Mercury enters in the tree foliage primarily through the stomatal openings during respiration as Hg°, but can also accumulate on leaves as wet or dry deposition from the atmosphere [48][49][50], or enter in the tree tissues through the uptake of dissolved Hg from soil through the vascular system [51]. Gaseous Hg° is readily taken up by stomata, but due to its volatile nature it may be released back into the atmosphere [52][53][54].…”

Section: Mercury Atmospheric Cycle and Uptake In Plants And Barksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tree Barks as Environmental Biomonitors of Metals - The Example of Mercury

2017

ESAR

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Tree tissues still occupy a relatively small niche as bioindicators when compared to other more classical bio substrates such as mosses and lichens. Tree bark, because of its structural porosity, is potentially very efficient for the accumulation and retention of aerosol particles, making this substrate an excellent indicator in air pollution monitoring studies, especially for heavy metals. Mercury (Hg) is possibly the ideal element to be monitored through barks because a) generally, it is scarcely bioavailable in soils; b) its presence in bark is mainly ascribable to atmospheric transport; c) it could be retained in tree bark both physically and chemically. Recent studies in the Monte Amiata (central Italy) area documented the ability of Pinus sp. barks to take up from the atmosphere extremely high levels of Hg. We present here the results of a reconnaissance study conducted in the urban area of Firenze (Florence; Italy), documenting the sensitiveness of Pinus sp. barks in recording small variations of Hg concentration in atmosphere. The study includes a former industrial zone, where anomalous concentrations of Hg in soils and atmosphere are still present. Barks sampled in this area show Hg concentrations statistically higher than in other zones of Firenze, lending further support to the concept that tree barks may be useful tools for biomonitoring the airborne Hg levels.

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“…Plants can generally absorb the ionic state and dissolve gaseous mercury in soil through root [16], meanwhile they can absorb the gaseous elemental mercury (Hg 0 ) in the atmosphere through the stomatal respiration of leaves [17]. Generally speaking, mercury concentration in plant leaves is much higher than that in roots [18]. Foliar dust can absorb the bivalent active gaseous mercury and particulate mercury in the atmosphere, becoming an important medium for mercury enrichment [19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence, Distribution and Risk Assessment of Mercury in Multimedia of Soil-Dust-Plants in Shanghai, China

Liu

Song

et al. 2019

IJERPH

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The urban environment is a complex ecosystem influenced by strong human disturbances in multi-environmental media, so it is necessary to analyze urban environmental pollutants through the comprehensive analysis of different media. Soil, road dust, foliar dust, and camphor leaves from 32 sample sites in Shanghai were collected for the analysis of mercury contamination in soil–road dust–leaves–foliar dust systems. Mercury concentrations in surface soils in Shanghai were the highest, followed by road dust, foliar dust, and leaves, successively. The spatial distribution of mercury in the four environmental media presented different distribution patterns. Except for the significant correlation between mercury concentrations in road dust and mercury concentrations in leaves (r = 0.56, p < 0.001), there was no significant correlation between the other groups in the four media. Besides this, there was no significant correlation between mercury concentrations and land types. The LUR (Land use regression) model was used to assess the impact of urbanization factors on mercury distribution in the environment. The results showed that soil mercury was affected by factories and residential areas. Foliar dust mercury was affected by road density and power plants. Leaf mercury was affected by power plants and road dust mercury was affected by public service areas. The highest average HI (Hazard index) value of mercury in Shanghai was found in road dust, followed by surface soil and foliar dust. The HI values for children were much higher than those for adults. However, the HI values of mercury exposure in all sampling sites were less than one, suggesting a lower health risk level. The microscopic mechanism of mercury in different environmental media was suggested to be studied further in order to learn the quantitative effects of urbanization factors on mercury concentrations.

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Cited by 162 publications

References 25 publications

Mercury accumulation in leaves of different plant types – the significance of tissue age and specific leaf area

Mercury accumulation in leaves of different plant types – the significance of tissue age and specific leaf area

Tree Barks as Environmental Biomonitors of Metals - The Example of Mercury

Occurrence, Distribution and Risk Assessment of Mercury in Multimedia of Soil-Dust-Plants in Shanghai, China

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