“…This program, called National Alcohol Program (PROALCOOL) [5], allowed encouraging ethanol production and consumption [6]. The momentum for bioethanol in Argentina, from sugarcane was shaped legally with the sanction of Law 26.334 "Arrangements for the Promotion of Bioethanol Production" in 2008.…”
a b s t r a c tDecreases in oil reserves and gas fields around all over the world justify the deepening of studies to render viable the larger-scale use of new energy sources. Therefore, the use of microorganisms to convert sugars into ethanol is a feasible process to be performed in a short period of time and at low costs. In this context, this study aimed to select ethanol-producing yeasts, after isolating samples in molasses obtained from companies in the Province of Tucum an (Argentina) and grapes obtained from farms located in Cafayate (Salta, Argentina). Among the twenty-nine samples studied A2, A10 and A11 isolates showed higher ethanol productions of 12.87; 13.64 and 13.46% respectively. A2 showed a homogeneous growth meanwhile the growth of strains A10 and A11 was flocculent. Molecular taxonomic characterization of these isolates showed a percentage of similarity of 100% with the strain Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The behavior of the non-flocculent A2 strain at laboratory scale was faster using a sugarcane molasses based medium, reaching 11.36% ethanol without adding nutrients and other growth factors, probably because its disperse form facilitates the transfer of nutrients and products. These values were improved to 12.02% when the process was scaled up to a 10L bioreactor. All these studies allowed concluding that S. cerevisiae A2 strain is a promising microorganism for the production of bioethanol with potential environmental, energy and economic benefits to be projected into industrial scale.
“…This program, called National Alcohol Program (PROALCOOL) [5], allowed encouraging ethanol production and consumption [6]. The momentum for bioethanol in Argentina, from sugarcane was shaped legally with the sanction of Law 26.334 "Arrangements for the Promotion of Bioethanol Production" in 2008.…”
a b s t r a c tDecreases in oil reserves and gas fields around all over the world justify the deepening of studies to render viable the larger-scale use of new energy sources. Therefore, the use of microorganisms to convert sugars into ethanol is a feasible process to be performed in a short period of time and at low costs. In this context, this study aimed to select ethanol-producing yeasts, after isolating samples in molasses obtained from companies in the Province of Tucum an (Argentina) and grapes obtained from farms located in Cafayate (Salta, Argentina). Among the twenty-nine samples studied A2, A10 and A11 isolates showed higher ethanol productions of 12.87; 13.64 and 13.46% respectively. A2 showed a homogeneous growth meanwhile the growth of strains A10 and A11 was flocculent. Molecular taxonomic characterization of these isolates showed a percentage of similarity of 100% with the strain Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The behavior of the non-flocculent A2 strain at laboratory scale was faster using a sugarcane molasses based medium, reaching 11.36% ethanol without adding nutrients and other growth factors, probably because its disperse form facilitates the transfer of nutrients and products. These values were improved to 12.02% when the process was scaled up to a 10L bioreactor. All these studies allowed concluding that S. cerevisiae A2 strain is a promising microorganism for the production of bioethanol with potential environmental, energy and economic benefits to be projected into industrial scale.
This paper presents a characterization and analysis of the content of academic production on innovation, published between 2008 and 2014 in Latin American journals with impact JCR (Journal Citation Report/WoS). a During this period, Latin America countries began to consolidate their system of scientific research, promoting their participation in global publications. Journals were selected according to their discipline, and articles were characterized in terms of a set of basic attributes, including the type of study, methodology, area of study, and topics explored. The results of this study show that the innovation research until 2014 is quite limited, few studies, low study complexity, unsophisticated analysis techniques and research fragmentation, which makes it difficult to compare regions and countries. It also highlights the need for a research agenda, which includes the systematic study of the determinants and effects of innovation, deepens in aspects related to innovation management such as technological and organizational capabilities, and discusses the design of innovation systems.
La agroindustria azucarera de Veracruz participa con 40 % de la producción nacional de sacarosa e integra actividades agrícolas de crecimiento, cosecha y transporte de caña de azúcar con la producción industrial en ingenios azucareros, destilerias y trapiches piloncilleros. Sin embargo, enfrenta retos con la caída de la productividad y aspectos socioeconómicos que ponen en riesgo la seguridad alimentaria y la reconversión de la agroindustria. El objetivo del presente trabajo es evaluar la capacidad y estrategias de reconversión de la agroindustria azucarera de Veracruz mediante el análisis de la productividad de la cadena agroindustrial en el contexto nacional con el uso de diversas herramientas de análisis como Matriz de ponderación de productividad en campo, ingenios azucareros y municipios productores, zonificación agroecológica y diamante de competitividad. Los resultados establecen que el 40 % de los ingenios azucareros poseen indicadores por encima de la media nacional. Las zonas de abasto cañero presentan en su conjunto 12 % menor productividad en relación a su potencial agroecológico, a pesar que en Veracruz el 57.5 % de su zona productora tiene aptitud edafoclimática al cultivo de media a alta y 30 municipios (33.7 %) poseen recursos y capacidades para reconvertirse. Se concluye que las acciones y estrategias para incrementar la productividad para bioenergía y alimentos en Veracruz debe abordarse desde una perspectiva interdisciplinaria como una interfaz entre la optimización del rendimiento, la ecología, limitantes técnicos y socioeconómicos y la nutrición humana como una cuestión de eficiencia de los recursos disponibles.
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