El Niño–Southern Oscillation in Tropical and Midlatitude Column Ozone

Wang, Jingqian; Pawson, Steven; Tian, Baijun; Liang, Mao-Chang; Shia, Run‐Lie; Yung, Yuk L.; Jiang, Xun

doi:10.1175/jas-d-11-045.1

Cited by 15 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 41 publications

(30 reference statements)

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“…Tung and Yang (1988) gave an analytic estimate of the TOC change as a function of change in tropopause height: TOC decreases by ;7% for each 0.5-km increase in the height of the tropopause. In the present study, TOC changes accompanied by an change in tropopause pressure at a rate of 1 DU hPa 21 , on the same order of magnitude as that estimated by Wang et al (2011) and Tung and Yang (1988). In addition, the patterns and magnitude of thermal tropopause height differences between El Niño and La Niña events in reanalysis are pretty similar to those in WACCM (Figs.…”

Section: How Enso Affects Midlatitude Ozonesupporting

confidence: 82%

“…2): negative height anomalies correspond to positive TOC anomalies and vice versa for positive height anomalies. Wang et al (2011) reported that the regression coefficient of tropopause pressure on the TOC simulated by the Goddard Earth Observing System-Chemistry (GEOS-Chem) model is 0.71 DU hPa 21 during ENSO events. Tung and Yang (1988) gave an analytic estimate of the TOC change as a function of change in tropopause height: TOC decreases by ;7% for each 0.5-km increase in the height of the tropopause.…”

Section: How Enso Affects Midlatitude Ozonementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bojkov (1987) analyzed Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer (TOMS) data at several midlatitude stations and found that the El Niño event during 1983 caused more than 10% ozone deficiencies over these stations. Wang et al (2011) reported a 3.5-yr cycle in the observed monthly mean TOC at some stations in Europe and North America and linked it to ENSO events. Mäder et al (2007) argued that ENSO events have negligible influence on zonal-mean TOC in both the NH and SH middle latitudes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Influence of ENSO on Northern Midlatitude Ozone during the Winter to Spring Transition

et al. 2015

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The influence of El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) on northern midlatitude ozone during the period January-March (JFM) is investigated using various observations and a chemistry-climate model. The analysis reveals that, during El Niño events, there are noticeable anomalously high total ozone column (TOC) values over the North Pacific, the southern United States, northeastern Africa, and East Asia but anomalously low values in central Europe and over the North Atlantic. La Niña events have almost the opposite effects on TOC anomalies. The longitudinal dependence of midlatitude ozone anomalies associated with ENSO events during the period JFM is found to be related to planetary waves. Planetary waves excited by tropical convection propagate into the middle latitudes and give rise to longwave trains (Pacific-North American pattern) and shortwave trains along the North African-Asian jet. These wave trains affect ozone in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere (UTLS) by modulating the midlatitude tropopause height and cause TOC anomalies by changing the vertical distributions of ozone. In addition, synoptic-scale Rossby wave breaking increases on the poleward flanks of the enhanced westerly jet during El Niño events, leading to a stronger eddy-driven meridional circulation in the UTLS and hence causing TOC increases over the North Pacific, the southern United States, northeastern Africa, and East Asia and vice versa for La Niña events. It is also found that the contribution of changes in Brewer-Dobson circulation due to anomalous planetary wave dissipation in the stratosphere during ENSO events to TOC changes in the middle latitudes for the period JFM is small, not more than 1 Dobson unit (DU) per month.

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Section: How Enso Affects Midlatitude Ozonesupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: How Enso Affects Midlatitude Ozonementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Influence of ENSO on Northern Midlatitude Ozone during the Winter to Spring Transition

et al. 2015

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“…The typical turnover time for the BDC is 1-2 years. While the BDC may play a role in the case of ENSO-related changes in polar O 3 [Soukharev and Hood, 2006;Wang et al, 2011], its effects on the observed intraseasonal variability, if any, have not be studied quantitatively. Global dynamical effects with different time scales ranging from daily to seasonal may also play a role in the teleconnection [Hudson et al, 2003;Garfinkel et al, 2012].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A link between tropical intraseasonal variability and Arctic stratospheric ozone

Tian

Tung

et al. 2013

JGR Atmospheres

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[1] Previous studies using satellite measurements showed evidence that subtropical upper troposphere/lower stratosphere ozone (O 3 ) can be modulated by tropical intraseasonal variability, the most dominant form of which is the Madden Julian Oscillation (MJO) with a period of 30-60 days. Here we further study the MJO modulation in the upper troposphere/lower stratosphere O 3 over the northern extratropics and the Arctic. Significant MJO-related O 3 signals (13-20 Dobson units) are found over the northern extratropics (north of 30 N). The O 3 anomalies change their magnitude and patterns depending on the phase of the MJO. Over the Arctic, the MJO-related O 3 anomalies are dominated by a wave number 2 structure and are anticorrelated with the geopotential height (GPH) anomalies at 250 hPa. The latter is similar to the findings in the previous studies over subtropics and indicates that the Arctic upper troposphere/lower stratosphere O 3 anomalies are associated with dynamical motions near the tropopause. The teleconnection from the tropics to the Arctic is likely through propagation of planetary waves generated by the equatorial heating that affects the tropopause height and O 3 at high latitudes.

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“…To account for the SAM we apply the SAM index based on the UK's Met Office database (Marshall, 2003). A correlation between Antarctic stratospheric ozone depletion and the SAM index has been seen in observations Arblaster and Meehl, 2006;Wang et al, 2011; and references therein) and models (Perlwitz et al, 2008;Son et al, 2008;Thompson et al, 2011). The largest variability in the Antarctic stratosphere associated with the SAM signal is observed in the September-December period (Fogt et al, 2009).…”

Section: Proxy Data Setsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-term changes in the upper stratospheric ozone at Syowa, Antarctica

et al. 2014

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Abstract. Analyses of stratospheric ozone data determined from Dobson-Umkehr measurements since 1977 at the Syowa (69.0 • S, 39.6 • E), Antarctica, station show a significant decrease in ozone at altitudes higher than that of the 4 hPa pressure level during the 1980s and 1990s. Ozone values over Syowa have remained low since 2001. The time series of upper stratospheric ozone from the homogenized NOAA SBUV (Solar Backscatter Ultraviolet Instrument)(/2) 8.6 overpass data (±4 • , 24 h) are in qualitative agreement with those from the Syowa station data. Ozone recovery during the austral spring over the Syowa station appears to be slower than predicted by the equivalent effective stratospheric chlorine (EESC) curve. The long-term changes in the station's equivalent latitude (indicative of vortex size/position in winter and spring) are derived from MERRA (Modern Era Retrospective-analysis for Research and Applications) reanalyses at ∼ 2 and ∼ 50 hPa. These data are used to attribute some of the upper and middle stratospheric ozone changes to the changes in vortex position relative to the station's location. In addition, high correlation of the Southern Hemisphere annular mode (SAM) with polar upper stratospheric ozone during years of maximum solar activity points toward a strong relationship between the strength of the Brewer-Dobson circulation and the polar stratospheric ozone recovery. In the lower stratosphere, ozone recovery attributable to CFCs (chlorofluorocarbons) is still not definitive, whereas the recovery of the upper stratosphere is slower than predicted. Further research indicates that dynamical and other chemical changes in the atmosphere are delaying detection of recovery over this station.

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El Niño–Southern Oscillation in Tropical and Midlatitude Column Ozone

Cited by 15 publications

References 41 publications

The Influence of ENSO on Northern Midlatitude Ozone during the Winter to Spring Transition

The Influence of ENSO on Northern Midlatitude Ozone during the Winter to Spring Transition

A link between tropical intraseasonal variability and Arctic stratospheric ozone

Long-term changes in the upper stratospheric ozone at Syowa, Antarctica

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