Abstract:<div class="OutlineElement Ltr SCXW137760015 BCX0"><p class="Paragraph SCXW137760015 BCX0"><strong><span class="TextRun SCXW137760015 BCX0" lang="ES-MX" xml:lang="ES-MX" data-contrast="auto">Objetivo:</span></strong><span class="TextRun SCXW137760015 BCX0" lang="ES-MX" xml:lang="ES-MX" data-contrast="auto"> determinar las funciones y habilidades requeridas por el factor humano como parte de su nuevo rol en la transición de Industria 4.0 a Industria 5.0</span><… Show more
“…The work of Carro and Sarmiento [12] aims at establishing the functions and skills required by the human factor as an integral part of the transition from Industry 4.0 to Industry 5.0. Among the results found, they highlight the functions and skills that, in this digital era, will be required by humans and must be considered fundamental pillars within the process of innovation and sustainable development by the industrial sector.…”
Industrial process automation has long been the main goal in production lines that seek to decrease human involvement. However, it is broadly agreed that a collaboration between humans and technologies must still exist as human capital is required to provide certain skills and abilities that machines cannot offer yet. For instance, in the context of design and simulation, CAD, CAM, and CAE professionals must count not only on a deep knowledge of the technology employed but also on specific skills that make the human factor an integral piece of the transition. These abilities are considered fundamental to achieving sustainable development in the industrial sector. This work focuses on analyzing through four study cases where whether specular o bilateral symmetry, a.k.a. planar symmetry is present, the weaknesses found in the human factor related to CAD training of future industrial engineers. The most common mistakes found when developing the different symmetric pieces proposed are thoroughly examined in order to define their origin, which mainly lies in students’ lack of descriptive geometry (DG) understanding. This is aggravated in some cases by the lack of spatial visualization abilities. The unstoppable and fast advances in design and simulation tools and technologies require humans to update their capabilities almost in real time. However, results show that this should not threaten the need for the human mind to spatially understand the changes being made on the screen. Otherwise, humans are at risk of ending up at the service of machines and technologies instead of the opposite.
“…The work of Carro and Sarmiento [12] aims at establishing the functions and skills required by the human factor as an integral part of the transition from Industry 4.0 to Industry 5.0. Among the results found, they highlight the functions and skills that, in this digital era, will be required by humans and must be considered fundamental pillars within the process of innovation and sustainable development by the industrial sector.…”
Industrial process automation has long been the main goal in production lines that seek to decrease human involvement. However, it is broadly agreed that a collaboration between humans and technologies must still exist as human capital is required to provide certain skills and abilities that machines cannot offer yet. For instance, in the context of design and simulation, CAD, CAM, and CAE professionals must count not only on a deep knowledge of the technology employed but also on specific skills that make the human factor an integral piece of the transition. These abilities are considered fundamental to achieving sustainable development in the industrial sector. This work focuses on analyzing through four study cases where whether specular o bilateral symmetry, a.k.a. planar symmetry is present, the weaknesses found in the human factor related to CAD training of future industrial engineers. The most common mistakes found when developing the different symmetric pieces proposed are thoroughly examined in order to define their origin, which mainly lies in students’ lack of descriptive geometry (DG) understanding. This is aggravated in some cases by the lack of spatial visualization abilities. The unstoppable and fast advances in design and simulation tools and technologies require humans to update their capabilities almost in real time. However, results show that this should not threaten the need for the human mind to spatially understand the changes being made on the screen. Otherwise, humans are at risk of ending up at the service of machines and technologies instead of the opposite.
Objetivo: evidenciar la relevancia de la gestión de riesgos (GR) – particularmente en la fase de identificación de riesgos – en las organizaciones destacando la utilidad que tiene en el contexto de la cadena de suministro (CS) de la industria automotriz (IA).
Diseño metodológico: a través de una revisión de literatura de 44 artículos sobre GR en las CS de la IA, se seleccionaron 19 publicaciones de carácter empírico, publicadas entre los años 2018-2022, recuperados de las bases de datos: Google Scholar y Dimensions. Las publicaciones se encuentran en un contexto global y pertenecen a clasificaciones emitidas por Scimago Q1 a Q4.
Resultados: se detectaron 17 tipologías diferentes de riesgos, entre las que destacan los riesgos impulsados por la demanda y los riesgos de adquisición. Específicamente los tipos de riesgo que se identifican con mayor frecuencia son los relacionados a la baja calidad en piezas y comunicación deficiente con proveedores. La principal contribución de este trabajo es una tipología de riesgos.
Limitaciones de la investigación: la subjetividad que pudo existir al momento que los investigadores evaluaron los riesgos y el no contar con marcos de referencia formal de GR.
Hallazgos: los principales hallazgos indican que la GR es una herramienta de gestión que mejora el desempeño de la IA al ofrecer criterios para identificar los factores de riesgo en una economía mundial, considerándolos no solo como amenaza, incluso como oportunidad.
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