El destino universal de la democracia y el realismo geopolítico V_1_0

Abstract

The aim of the document is to explain why the survival of democracy in its modern liberal version is in question and is increasingly incapable of managing the savage powers that undermine it at home and threaten it abroad. Unlike those who put the emphasis on allegedly external problems - a modern version of the old theories of the barbarians as responsible for the breakdown of political systems - our analysis focuses on structural breakdowns resulting from internal and external processes that mutually reinforce each other. oligarchy and imperial expansion. To show the process, we start from a conception, so to speak, pure of democracy, as shown in the classic texts, capable of masterfully solving the problem of political order. This pure form serves as a point of comparison for what liberal democracy has been abandoning, internally releasing uncontrollable forces impossible to hold under the apparent form of a pluralist state. This process of liberation from the inner savage powers becomes evident when moving from a closed state to open states and finally to an imperial structure. To show the nature of this imperial structure, different in essential aspects from previous empires, we closely follow the great moments of the currency. We show how, at the same time that this imperial expansion was taking place, other savage external powers were created, capable of marking the limits of the expansion of the empire (formally in the form of liberal democracy), so that it has lost its internal attractiveness, moving further and further away from the ideal of classic democracy, loss of attractiveness that is also perceived abroad, as well as its ability to impose its power through law and currency. At this point of unstable equilibrium, where the world finds itself today, where international institutions have lost much or all of their power, there are several options, which essentially, for the time being, are reduced to two: a world divided into spheres of influence or total war. The renegotiation of the order to accommodate all the actors under the same leadership is between improbable and impossible.