“…There are three types of underwater sonar sensors that have been deployed in underwater SLAM applications, namely side-scan sonar [20], [21], multi-beam sonar [22], [23], MSS [9], [11], [24]. For a side-scan sonar, the inertial sensors such as DVL and IMU are firstly used to provide navigation data relative to the vehicle reference frame, such as velocities, orientations and depth.…”