EKF-MRPL: Advanced mobility support routing protocol for internet of mobile things: Movement prediction approach

Bouaziz, Maha; Rachedi, Abderrezak; Belghith, Abdelfettah

doi:10.1016/j.future.2017.12.015

Cited by 50 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Further, these mechanisms can be combined pairwise, or all together in a new protocol that we call T-RPL. 4 The style of our investigation is system-driven, and relies on an implementation of all these alternatives, described in Section 6, whose performance is then evaluated and compared in several ways. First, in Section 7, we compare individually the performance of the three base mechanisms and their combinations against the baselines representing the extremes of our design space: Con-tikiRPL as an example of a route-based protocol, pure flooding at the other extreme.…”

Section: Can We Design a Protocol That Borrows From Both Route-and Flmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several works [4,10,13,46] have also addressed the problem of routing in the presence of mobility, as RPL restricts a mobile node to join the network only as a leaf. Although T-RPL does not address mobility directly, we observe that its use of dissemination as an alternate channel to bypass broken downward routes in principle could be beneficial also in this context.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Route or Flood? Reliable and Efficient Support for Downward Traffic in RPL

Istomin

Iova

Picco

et al. 2019

ACM Trans. Sen. Netw.

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Modern protocols for wireless sensor networks efficiently support multi-hop upward traffic from many sensors to a collection point, a key functionality enabling monitoring applications. However, the ever-evolving scenarios involving low-power wireless devices increasingly require support also for downward traffic, e.g., enabling a controller to issue actuation commands based on the monitored data. The IETF Routing Protocol for Low-power and Lossy Networks (RPL) is among the few tackling both traffic patterns. Unfortunately, its support for downward traffic is significantly unreliable and inefficient compared to its upward counterpart. We tackle this problem by extending RPL with mechanisms inspired by opposed, yet complementary, principles. At one extreme, we retain the route-based operation of RPL and devise techniques allowed by the standard but commonly neglected by popular implementations. At the other extreme, we rely on flooding as the main networking primitive. Inspired by these principles, we define three base mechanisms, integrate them in a popular RPL implementation, analyze their individual and combined performance, and elicit the resulting tradeoffs in scalability, reliability, and energy consumption. The evaluation relies on simulation, using both real-world topologies from a smart city scenario and synthetic grid ones, as well as on testbed experiments validating our findings from simulation. Results show that the combination of all three mechanisms into a novel protocol, T-RPL (i) yields high reliability, close to the one of flooding, (ii) with a low energy consumption, similar to route-based approaches, and (iii) improves remarkably the scalability of RPL with respect to downward traffic.

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Section: Can We Design a Protocol That Borrows From Both Route-and Flmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Route or Flood? Reliable and Efficient Support for Downward Traffic in RPL

Istomin

Iova

Picco

et al. 2019

ACM Trans. Sen. Netw.

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“…Table 1 shows that most of the works intend to improve the RPL performance but focus on the localization systems and, therefore, are highly dependent on static wireless reference nodes or low dynamic trajectories. 12,14,16,17,18,19,21,23 Some aim to improve the performance of RPL for downlink traffic, 24 others 13,18 aim to improve the RPL in the scenario of mobile root nodes. Works like ours appear in previous works.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One of the parent nodes is defined as preferred parent. The RPL defines the following ICMP-v619 route discovery messages: DIO, DIS, and DAO. DIO messages start from the root node and are propagated by the other DODAG nodes.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Entropy based routing for mobile, low power and lossy wireless sensors networks

Carvalho

Mota

Ferraz³

et al. 2019

International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks

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Routing protocol for low-power and lossy networks is a routing solution specifically developed for wireless sensor networks, which does not quickly rebuild topology of mobile networks. In this article, we propose a mechanism based on mobility entropy and integrate it into the corona RPL (CoRPL) mechanism, which is an extension of the IPv6 routing protocol for low-power and lossy networks (RPL). We extensively evaluated our proposal with a simulator for Internet of Things and wireless sensor networks. The mobility entropy-based mechanism, called CoRPL+E, considers the displacement of nodes as a deciding factor to define the links through which nodes communicate. Simulation results show that the proposed mechanism, when compared to CoRPL mechanism, is effective in reducing packet loss and latency in simulated mobile routing protocol for low-power and lossy networks. From the simulation results, one can see that the CoRPL+E proposal mechanism provides a packet loss reduction rate of up to 50% and delays reduction by up to 25% when compared to CoRPL mechanism.

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“…The specific case of WSNs in the IoT poses a harder challenge to routing because of dynamic radio conditions and interference in the wireless environment. Managing mobility [2] further increases the complexity of the problem and is beyond the scope of this article. Given that global traffic from IoT devices is rapidly growing [3], solutions must be found by the dawn of 2020 to adapt to this new context.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fuzzy-Based Objective Function for Routing Protocol in the Internet of Things

Fabian

Rachedi

Gueguen

et al. 2018

2018 IEEE Global Communications Conference (GLOBECOM)

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The amount of data represented by the Internet of Things (IoT) is continually growing and is expected to reach more than one third of the total amount of Internet traffic by 2020. Wireless sensors pose a great challenge because of the varying radio conditions and the limited energy and computational capabilities they have. This is why we have developed an Objective Function (OF) that uses fuzzy logic to dynamically adapt to variable environments in wireless networks. Simulation results will show that the proposed algorithm increases performance compared to other solutions by up to 15% in terms of throughput and by up to 14% in terms of Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR) without compromising energy consumption.

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EKF-MRPL: Advanced mobility support routing protocol for internet of mobile things: Movement prediction approach

Cited by 50 publications

References 28 publications

Route or Flood? Reliable and Efficient Support for Downward Traffic in RPL

Route or Flood? Reliable and Efficient Support for Downward Traffic in RPL

Entropy based routing for mobile, low power and lossy wireless sensors networks

Fuzzy-Based Objective Function for Routing Protocol in the Internet of Things

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