Einstellungen zur Akzeptanz räumlicher Distanz in erwerbsbedingt multilokalen Lebensformen

Abstract

Work-related multi-local living arrangements describe those living arrangements in which, due to occupational reasons, at least one partner is absent from the communal residence of the partners or the family for a substantial part of the year. In the context of high requirements concerning spatial flexibility of employees, such living arrangements have become increasingly important. Against this background, this paper examines the acceptance of spatial distance in intimate relationships. Analyses are based on panel data of the “Job Mobilities and Family Lives in Europe” study (2007 and 2010/11), collected in Germany, France, Spain and Switzerland (N=1.189). We used path modelling to conduct a cross-lagged panel analysis. Results show a higher acceptance of spatial distance in intimate relationships in individuals living multi-locally due to work-related spatial mobility requirements. Longitudinal analyses suggest that this correlation is primarily based on adaptation processes. Experiences of multi-local living arrangements lead to attitude changes towards a higher acceptance of spatial distance. However, further selection processes could not be detected, which might partially be explained by a high degree of selectivity at the first point of data collection.
 Zusammenfassung
 Im Kontext hoher Anforderungen an die räumliche Flexibilität von Erwerbstätigen werden erwerbsbedingt multilokale Lebensformen, in denen mindestens ein Partner aus beruflichen Gründen einen Teil des Jahres nicht an dem gemeinsamen Hauptwohnort des Paares oder der Familie verbringt, zunehmend bedeutsam. Vor diesem Hintergrund untersucht der Beitrag die Rolle der Einstellungen zur akzeptierten räumlichen Distanz in Paarbeziehungen. Grundlage sind Paneldaten der Studie „Job Mobilities and Family Lives in Europe“ (2007 und 2010/11), die in Deutschland, Frankreich, Spanien und der Schweiz erhoben wurden (N=1.189). Berechnet werden Pfadmodelle im Cross-Lagged-Panel-Design. Die Ergebnisse zeigen zunächst eine höhere räumliche Distanzakzeptanz in Paarbeziehungen bei Personen, die berufsbedingt multilokal leben. Die Längsschnittanalysen legen nahe, dass dieser Zusammenhang in erster Linie auf Anpassungsprozessen zu beruhen scheint. So führen Multilokalitätserfahrungen zu Veränderungen der Einstellungen in Richtung einer stärkeren Distanzakzeptanz. Weitere Selektionsprozesse konnten im Zeitverlauf hingegen nicht nachgewiesen werden, wofür unter anderem ein bereits zum ersten Erhebungszeitpunkt hoher Grad an Selektivität verantwortlich sein könnte.

Mobility experience and mobility decision‐making: An experiment on permanent migration and residential multilocality

“…They also accept a longer travel time between places. This generally conforms to the results presented by Rüger et al (), who found a positive correlation between experience with multilocality and greater distances. However, both groups do not show any substantial differences in decision‐making on migration.…”

“…There are clear positive correlations between the number of moves made in earlier phases of life and the likelihood or propensity to migrate again (e.g., Baláž et al, 2016;DaVanzo, 1981;Myers, 1999). Previous experience with long-distance commuting is decisive for the likelihood, the duration, and the geographical distance of subsequent long-distance commuting (e.g., Eliasson et al, 2003;Rüger et al, 2014;Sandow & Westin, 2010).…”

“…According to Sandow and Westin (2010), long-distance commuting is continued over a longer period by people who are experienced with it. Rüger, Schier, Feldhaus, and Ries (2014) report that people familiar with long-distance commuting develop a greater acceptance of distance.…”

Place attachment and mobility in the context of job‐induced multilocal dwelling—The case of China

“…The extant literature has identified this emerging trend of job‐induced multilocal dwelling by urban professionals, often described with the term ‘living apart together’ and regarded as a novel phenomenon in late modernity (Gorman‐Murray & Bissell, 2018). These studies have focused on European countries, identifying the characteristics of mobile workers, the spatial‐temporal pattern of their homecoming and being away, their dwelling conditions and preferences for both residences, and the ways they manage their periodic presence and absence multilocally (Bonnet et al, 2008; Hilti, 2016; Reuschke, 2010, 2012; Rueger et al, 2014; Schneider & Limmer, 2008). Noteworthily, mobile workers have heterogeneous motivations, housing conditions, and activities, which comprise multilocal living arrangements.…”

“…These studies have focused on European countries, identifying the characteristics of mobile workers, the spatial-temporal pattern of their homecoming and being away, their dwelling conditions and preferences for both residences, and the ways they manage their periodic presence and absence multilocally (Bonnet et al, 2008;Hilti, 2016;Reuschke, 2010Reuschke, , 2012Rueger et al, 2014;Schneider & Limmer, 2008). Noteworthily, mobile workers have heterogeneous motivations, housing conditions, and activities, which comprise multilocal living arrangements.…”