Einige Versuche über die Wirkung von Heteroauxin auf die Symmetrieentwicklung der Brutkörperkeimlinge vonMarchantia polymorpha L.

Halbsguth, Wilhelm; Kohlenbach, Hans Willy

doi:10.1007/bf01928191

Cited by 17 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…The older plants, as well as younger plants displaying the strongest phenotypes, showed signs of hyperpigmentation, as previously seen in P. patens gametophytic tissues with increased endogenous IAA levels ( Figure 2C; Eklund et al, 2010). All developmental abnormalities described above for the pro EF1:YUC lines were also seen in wild-type M. polymorpha treated with moderate to high levels of exogenous auxin, at various stages of development (Fitting, 1939;Halbsguth and Kohlenbach, 1953;Rousseau, 1950Rousseau, , 1951aRousseau, , 1951bRousseau, , 1952Rousseau, , 1953aRousseau, , 1953bKaul et al, 1962;Maravolo and Voth, 1966;Maravolo, 1980;Ishizaki et al, 2012). To maximize the IAA production from the IPyA pathway, we transformed wild-type sporelings with both pro EF1:YUC2 and pro EF1:TAA constructs.…”

Section: Constitutive Yuc or Taa Expression Mimics The Effects Of Exosupporting

confidence: 70%

“…Exogenous auxin has previously been shown to reduce growth, increase rhizoid formation, and affect dorsiventral patterning, gemma cup development, and air pore/chamber development, as well as to affect curvature of the thallus (Fitting, 1939;Halbsguth and Kohlenbach, 1953;Rousseau, 1950Rousseau, , 1951aRousseau, , 1951bRousseau, , 1952Rousseau, , 1953aRousseau, , 1953bKaul et al, 1962;Maravolo and Voth, 1966;Maravolo, 1980;Ishizaki et al, 2012). Constitutive expression of Mp-YUC1 and Mp-YUC2 gave identical phenotypes, highly similar to plants treated with high levels of exogenous auxin (Figures 2A to 2D).…”

Section: Constitutive Yuc or Taa Expression Mimics The Effects Of Exomentioning

confidence: 99%

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Auxin Produced by the Indole-3-Pyruvic Acid Pathway Regulates Development and Gemmae Dormancy in the Liverwort Marchantia polymorpha

et al. 2015

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The plant hormone auxin (indole-3-acetic acid [IAA]) has previously been suggested to regulate diverse forms of dormancy in both seed plants and liverworts. Here, we use loss-and gain-of-function alleles for auxin synthesis-and signaling-related genes, as well as pharmacological approaches, to study how auxin regulates development and dormancy in the gametophyte generation of the liverwort Marchantia polymorpha. We found that M. polymorpha possess the smallest known toolkit for the indole-3-pyruvic acid (IPyA) pathway in any land plant and that this auxin synthesis pathway mainly is active in meristematic regions of the thallus. Previously a Trp-independent auxin synthesis pathway has been suggested to produce a majority of IAA in bryophytes. Our results indicate that the Trp-dependent IPyA pathway produces IAA that is essential for proper development of the gametophyte thallus of M. polymorpha. Furthermore, we show that dormancy of gemmae is positively regulated by auxin synthesized by the IPyA pathway in the apex of the thallus. Our results indicate that auxin synthesis, transport, and signaling, in addition to its role in growth and development, have a critical role in regulation of gemmae dormancy in M. polymorpha.

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Section: Constitutive Yuc or Taa Expression Mimics The Effects Of Exosupporting

confidence: 70%

Section: Constitutive Yuc or Taa Expression Mimics The Effects Of Exomentioning

confidence: 99%

Auxin Produced by the Indole-3-Pyruvic Acid Pathway Regulates Development and Gemmae Dormancy in the Liverwort Marchantia polymorpha

et al. 2015

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“…polymorpha gemmaling growth have been reported in previous studies. Some generalizations of the effects of exogenous auxin in young gemmalings can be made as follows: in low concentrations auxin increases the size of the thallus [ 40 ], breaks gemmae dormancy [ 41 , 42 ], produces formation of additional meristems in dormant gemmae [ 43 ], and confers apical dominance [ 44 ]. At higher concentrations auxin promotes the formation of numerous rhizoids on the dorsal side of the gemmae, a dorsiventral patterning defect, and further increases in concentration results in formation of a callus-like tissue with limited growth [ 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Simple Auxin Transcriptional Response System Regulates Multiple Morphogenetic Processes in the Liverwort Marchantia polymorpha

2015

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In land plants comparative genomics has revealed that members of basal lineages share a common set of transcription factors with the derived flowering plants, despite sharing few homologous structures. The plant hormone auxin has been implicated in many facets of development in both basal and derived lineages of land plants. We functionally characterized the auxin transcriptional response machinery in the liverwort Marchantia polymorpha, a member of the basal lineage of extant land plants. All components known from flowering plant systems are present in M. polymorpha, but they exist as single orthologs: a single MpTOPLESS (TPL) corepressor, a single MpTRANSPORT INHIBITOR RESPONSE 1 auxin receptor, single orthologs of each class of AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR (ARF; MpARF1, MpARF2, MpARF3), and a single negative regulator AUXIN/INDOLE-3-ACETIC ACID (MpIAA). Phylogenetic analyses suggest this simple system is the ancestral condition for land plants. We experimentally demonstrate that these genes act in an auxin response pathway — chimeric fusions of the MpTPL corepressor with heterodimerization domains of MpARF1, MpARF2, or their negative regulator, MpIAA, generate auxin insensitive plants that lack the capacity to pattern and transition into mature stages of development. Our results indicate auxin mediated transcriptional regulation acts as a facilitator of branching, differentiation and growth, rather than acting to determine or specify tissues during the haploid stage of the M. polymorpha life cycle. We hypothesize that the ancestral role of auxin is to modulate a balance of differentiated and pluri- or totipotent cell states, whose fates are determined by interactions with combinations of unrelated transcription factors.

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“…Among the liverworts the thallus of Marchantia has been the object of considerable experimental work by various authors in recent times (Forster, 1927;Halbsguth, 1936, 953;Halbsguth and Kohlenbach, 1953;Dickson, 1932;Voth, 1941-43;Fitting, 1942, andRousseau, 1951), on such topics as dorsiventrality, regeneration, polarity, nutrition, growth, etc. In the course of our investigations on the developmental morphology of the gemmae of Marchantia and Lunularia (LaRue and Narayanaswami, 1955;Narayanaswami and LaRue, 1955), subjected to various physical and chemical factors, a possible existence of the curious phenomenon of apical dominance, so well exemplified by the higher plants, was indicated.…”

Section: (With 35 Figures In the Text)mentioning

confidence: 99%

AUXIN INHIBITION IN THE LIVERWORT LUNULARIA

LaRue

Narayanaswami

1957

New Phytologist

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such topics as dorsiventrality, regeneration, polarity, nutrition, growth, etc. In the course of our investigations on the developmental morphology of the gemmae of Marchantia and Lunularia (LaRue and Narayanaswami, 1955; Narayanaswami and LaRue, 1955), subjected to various physical and chemical factors, a possible existence of the curious phenomenon of apical dominance, so well exemplified by the higher plants, was indicated. As is widely known, the gemmae of liverworts do not germinate within the gemma cup unless they have been detached from the parent body, nor are adventitious buds formed on normal healthy thalli. Audus (1953) suggests that this is due to the controlling action of specific inhibitors produced by the parent tissue, but no data are available. Inhibitions due to growth hormones have, however, been demonstrated in fern prothallia (Albaum, 1938). The following experiments were, therefore, undertaken with the view to throwing some light on the phenomena aflFecting: (i) germination of gemmae within the gemma cup, and (2) regeneration of adventitious thalli. If by some means the inhibitory factors from the apex were removed, gemmae still maintaining organic connection with the parent body within the gemma cup should undergo normal germination in situ. Secondly, this operation should not hamper the production of supernumerary growing points from the surface of the gemmae. Experimental evidences for the occurrence of such inhibitory factors and their strongly polar movement are presented in the following pages. MATERIALS AND METHODSThalli of Lunularia, bearing gemma cups, growing abundantly in the greenhouse, were brought into the laboratory and kept in damp chambers. Clumps of thalli for experimental work were taken out on soil and put in petri dishes, or thalli were isolated and grown on filter paper spread on quartz sand irrigated with White's solution (White, 1943). Both these methods were used in each experiment. The petri dishes were kept in the greenhouse after the various treatments. Excisions were made with fine surgical scissors. Germination of gemmae at definite intervals of time was indicated by growth of thalli from the growing points and increase in their surface areas. Pastes of growth hormone in lanolin were made with IAA, IBA and NAA and the pastes applied with a narrow scalpel. Observations were made a week or ten days after treatments.

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Einige Versuche über die Wirkung von Heteroauxin auf die Symmetrieentwicklung der Brutkörperkeimlinge vonMarchantia polymorpha L.

Abstract: Einleitung.

Cited by 17 publications

References 8 publications

Auxin Produced by the Indole-3-Pyruvic Acid Pathway Regulates Development and Gemmae Dormancy in the Liverwort Marchantia polymorpha

Auxin Produced by the Indole-3-Pyruvic Acid Pathway Regulates Development and Gemmae Dormancy in the Liverwort Marchantia polymorpha

A Simple Auxin Transcriptional Response System Regulates Multiple Morphogenetic Processes in the Liverwort Marchantia polymorpha

AUXIN INHIBITION IN THE LIVERWORT LUNULARIA

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