Einige Folgeerscheinungen der funktionellen und morphologischen Adaptation an geänderte Kalorienzufuhr

Fábry, P.; Kujalová, V.; Petrásek, R

doi:10.1002/food.19590030705

Cited by 11 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Indeed, hyperphagia appears to play an important role in the development of the hypertrophy which is established at a stage when the free-fed rats eat considerably more than the control animals. The fact that hyperphagia per se induces mucosal hypertrophy has been suggested by our studies on alloxan diabetes in rats, where a good correlation between villus height and food intake was observed (Lorenz-Meyer, Gottesbiiren, Menge, Bloch, and Riecken, 1974), Furthermore, hyper-3 phagia, as a result of intermittent starvation, has been reported to induce an enlargement of mucosal structure and an increase in absorptive capacity (Fabry, Kujalova, and Petrasek, 1959).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 53%

“…The slight changes occurring in the pair-fed group require comment: it is possible that they are initiated by intermittent starvation (Fabry et al, 1959), since these rats devoured their food immediately it was provided and were thus, by definition, starved for the rest of the day. On the other hand, further factors may be involved, as suggested by other investigators that hypertrophy can develop within two weeks of the resection (Dowling and Booth, 1967;Bury, 1972), that is to say, before the animals have started to increase their daily food consumption (fig 2).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The influence of food intake on the development of structural and functional adaptation following ileal resection in the rat.

Menge¹,

Grafe²,

Lorenz-Meyer³

et al. 1975

Gut

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SUMMARY The present study was undertaken to determine the influence of hyperphagia on the adaptive changes occurring in the rat jejunal mucosa as a result of intestinal resection. One group of resected rats was subjected to pair feeding with a sham-operated population, whilst another group was nourished ad libitum.The animals which ate ad libitum developed hypertrophy of the mucosa which was accompanied by increased glucose absorption in vivo without changes in enzyme levels. These alterations were much less pronounced in the pair-fed group of resected animals, a finding that indicates that the adaptive changes are at least partially influenced by increased luminal nutrition.Resection of a proximal or distal part of the small bowel provokes a marked hypertrophy of the mucosa of the remaining intestinal segment, which is accompanied by an increase in its absorptive capacity in vivo. Much attention has been directed to the role played by the increased intraluminal nutrition, accentuated by the onset of hyperphagia in such animals, in the development of this adaptation (Booth, Evans, Menzies, and Street, 1959;Dowling, 1974). In addition to much indirect evidence in favour of the hypothesis that luminal nutrition is essential for the maintenance of mucosal structure and function, we have recently provided a direct indication of the importance of the intestinal contents, when we demonstrated that the introduction of glucose into an excluded self-emptying blind. loop partially reversed the atrophy provoked by the process of exclusion from continuity (Menge, Werner, Lorenz-Meyer, and Riecken, 1975). The present study was undertaken to explore under pair-fed and free-fed conditions the behaviour of the intestinal mucosa following resection so that the influence of food consumption, and hence of the luminal nutrition, on the adaptive changes in the mucosa could be directly investigated. ' MethodsFemale Wistar rats weighing 170-190 g were employed. They were initially fed ad libitum with ground Altromin rat chow and tap water. OPERATIVE TECHNIQUEA resection of approximately 60 % of the distal small intestine (IR) was performed under ether anaesthesia on 14 rats, and continuity of the gut was restored by end-to-end anastomosis. A further nine rats underwent a sham operation, whereby the intestine was cut and re-anastomosed without resection. POSTOPERATIVE PROCEDURESFollowing the operation, the rats were transferred to metabolic cages which permitted an exact evaluation of the daily food consumption. For the first three days after the operation, the animals were nourished simply with a sugared salt solution. Thereafter, nine of the ileal resected animals were provided only with the quantity of solid food that the paired controls had consumed on the preceding day. The food intake and the body weight of each animal of these two groups were measured daily. The remaining five ileal resected animals received their food ad libitum. On the 32nd postoperative day the intestines were examined. LABORATORY INVESTIGATIONSDetermination...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 53%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of food intake on the development of structural and functional adaptation following ileal resection in the rat.

Menge¹,

Grafe²,

Lorenz-Meyer³

et al. 1975

Gut

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“…However, the trend towards negative cor- can be ascribed to hyperphagia (26). These two different experimental models underline the importance of food intake in the regulation of intestinal structure (27).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Structural and functional studies on the transformation of the intestinal mucosa in rats with experimental diabetes

et al. 1977

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Twenty days after the onset of alloxan-induced diabetes, a villous hyperplasia has developed in the intestines of rats having free access to food. The transformation is characterised by a considerable increase in the area of the villous surface, caused by an enhanced mitotic activity in the crypts. The absorption of glucose or methionine by jejunal loops, whether expressed in terms of serosal area or villous area, is unchanged at this stage. On the other hand, the specific activity of certain disaccharidases and dipeptidases in crude mucosal homogenates is greater in diabetic animals, but quantitative histochemistry revealed no changes in the activities of alkaline phosphatase, leucine amino-peptidase and non-specific esterase in the individual enterocytes. Thus the biochemical changes may simply reflect the hyperplasia of the mucosa. The blood sugar level does not appear to be directly responsible for the mucosal transformation; however, the positive correlation between the daily food intake and the villus height suggests a role of hyperphagia and consequent increased luminal nutrition in the development of the hyperplasia.

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“…This may be partly due to the lack of complete characterisation of the observed changes from morphological, functional and metabolic viewpoints. One of the most complete studies of adaptation to dietary stress to have appeared in print so far has involved the determination of structural, functional and histochemical changes occurring in rats subjected to intermittent starvation [2] : when days of normal feeding were interspersed with several days of complete starvation, the intestines became hypertrophic due to the large quantity of food ingested when it was available [3, 41, the absorptive capacity was increased [5], and the levels of certain enzymes were also enhanced [6]. On the other hand, bulk feeding, in the form of kaolin addition to the diet to reduce its nutritional value, resulted in enhanced absorptive capacity and increased enzymatic activity, without concomitant structural changes [7].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Response of the Toad Intestine to Prolonged Starvation: A Morphological, Functional and Metabolic Study*

Pearez-González

Robinson

1971

Eur J Clin Investigation

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Abstract. 1. Toads were kept without solid nourishment for four months or more, and the morphological and functional characteristics of their intestines were compared with those of freshly captured animals. 2. The intestinal mucosa is one of the organs that is specifically and preferentially consumed during the process of autophagy. Histological sections reveal that a substantial loss of villous architecture is incurred. The epithelial cells covering the mucosal surface are interspersed with frequent vacuoles, the significance of which is as yet unclear. 3. The absorptive capacity of intestinal slices excised from autophagous toads, determined by their ability to accumulate radioactive phenylalanine, is lower than that of normal animals, but this difference can be ascribed to the distinct tissue composition of the intestinal slices. 4. Intestinal slices of autophagous toads have a lower respiration rate but higher glucose consumption than those of normal animals.

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Einige Folgeerscheinungen der funktionellen und morphologischen Adaptation an geänderte Kalorienzufuhr

Cited by 11 publications

References 9 publications

The influence of food intake on the development of structural and functional adaptation following ileal resection in the rat.

The influence of food intake on the development of structural and functional adaptation following ileal resection in the rat.

Structural and functional studies on the transformation of the intestinal mucosa in rats with experimental diabetes

The Response of the Toad Intestine to Prolonged Starvation: A Morphological, Functional and Metabolic Study*

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