Einfluß von SO<sub>2</sub>auf das Ascorbinsäuresystem der Fichtennadeln

Grill, D.; Esterbauer, Hermann; Welt, Ruth

doi:10.1111/j.1439-0434.1979.tb01662.x

Cited by 12 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Although increased ascorbate levels after ozone fumigation have been reported in beans (Lee et al, 1984), fumigation of spruce and fir over a 2-year period with ozone had no effects on ascorbate levels in needles (Mehlhorn et al, 1986). Previous studies of seasonal changes of ascorbate showed a continuous decrease in current year's needles, and for previous year's needles a relatively high level in spring and a low level in September (Grill et al, 1979). Whereas our results are consistent with the findings in previous year's needles, the ascorbate content of current year's needles showed a steady increase over the sampling period.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…Antioxidant levels in conifer needles also show pronounced seasonal changes with increases in glutathione and glutathione reductase activity during the dormancy induction period (Esterbauer & Grill, 1978). Seasonal variations have also been reported for ascorbate (Grill, Esterbauer & Welt, 1979;Franke, 1968; and superoxide dismutasef activity . Each of these three antioxidants can potentially act to protect cellular constituents and processes (Halliwell & Gutteridge, 1985).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 81%

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Seasonal changes in antioxidants in red spruce as affected by ozone

et al. 1990

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SUMMARYTwo-year-old red spruce (Picea rubens Sarg.) seedlings were exposed to various levels of ozone, from 0-4 to 3 times ambient levels, in open-top chambers in Ithaca, NY, USA. Exposures, which varied with changes in day length, were from 30 May to 16 December 1987 and 1 June to 1 December, 1988. During the second exposure period, ascorbic acid, total and oxidized glutathione, a-tocopherol, and superoxide dismutase were measured in current and previous year's needles at monthly intervals from May to July, and at bi-weekly intervals from September to December. Orthogonalized polynomials were used to model the response through time of each variable measured. A one-way analysis of variance model was fitted to every regression coefficient in each polynomial model to test for ozone effects on seasonal patterns of antioxidant levels. Ozone influenced seasonal changes in total glutathione, the oxidized/total glutathione ratio, and a-tocopherol in previous years's needles and a-tocopherol and superoxide dismutase in current year's needles. Averaged over the whole growing season, the oxidized/total glutathione ratio and superoxide dismutase showed an ozone treatment effect in both age classes. Mean total glutathione content increased in previous year's needles, but was not influenced by ozone in current year's needles. Mean oxidized glutathione content was higher with ozone exposure in current year's needles, but not in previous year's needles. The role of antioxidants in cold hardiness and ozone detoxification is discussed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Seasonal changes in antioxidants in red spruce as affected by ozone

et al. 1990

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“…Franceschi & Horner (1980) state that in plants glyoxylate and L-ascorbic acid appear to be the major precursors of oxalic acid. The antioxidant ascorbic acid is known as a scavenger of free radicals and it has also been reported to protect plants from SO 2 injury (Keller & Schwager 1977;Grill et al 1979). The synthesis of ascorbic acid increases under exposure to oxidative stress (Elstner 1982); large amounts have also been reported in conifer needles of damaged trees (Osswold et al 1987).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Sem Study of Injury Symptoms in Parmotrema Reticulatum Treated With Paraquat or Growing in Sulphur Dioxide-Polluted Air

Modenesi¹

1993

The Lichenologist

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The effect of Paraquat, a herbicide known to stimulate oxygen-centred free-radical production in green plants, is compared with visible injury symptoms due to air pollution in Parmotrema reticulatum, an SO2-sensitive lichen species. This is in order to verify the hypothesized SO2 toxicity mechanism via the generation of free radicals. A new SEM-visible symptom is described: the production of heavy crystalline deposition on the thallus surface in SO2-stressed and Paraquat-treated specimens. The examination of the crystalline deposition by X-ray diffraction, correlated with SEM studies, showed that it is calcium oxalate (weddellite).

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‘Waldsterben’, part IV (continuing series)

1987

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Peroxidase and superoxide dismutase activities, and ascorbic acid content, were measured in both intercellular fluid and cell material of current and 1-year-old needles of Norway spruce saplings treated with ozone, ambient air and activated carbon-filtered air in outdoor fumigation chambers. Ethylene evolution was also compared. Plants from carbon-filtered air treatments had significantly lower enzyme activities and higher ascorbic acid content. These changes were more marked in intercellular fluid than in cell material. Significant changes were noted at ozone levels typical of ambient air quality in a typical urban area. These results suggest the need for simultaneous screening of several biochemical markers as a way of overcoming the lack of specificity of any single marker for the identification of a perturbation by a particular stress, such as ozone.Summary. Biochemical studies and experiments with cells have shown that trialkyllead (R3Pb+), a degradation product of tetraalkyllead (R4Pb) antiknock agents, is highly cytotoxic. Trialkyllead may occur in rain and fog in concentrations much higher than those reported so far. From these data it has been proposed that trialkyllead may represent one of the factors responsible for the present forest decline. This article reviews the chemistry of trialkyllead, its molecular interactions, its toxic effects on cells and on plant cells in particular, and its occurrence in the environment. Evidence for and against the involvement of trialkyllead in forest decline will be discussed.

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Einfluß von SO₂auf das Ascorbinsäuresystem der Fichtennadeln

Cited by 12 publications

References 22 publications

Seasonal changes in antioxidants in red spruce as affected by ozone

Seasonal changes in antioxidants in red spruce as affected by ozone

An Sem Study of Injury Symptoms in Parmotrema Reticulatum Treated With Paraquat or Growing in Sulphur Dioxide-Polluted Air

‘Waldsterben’, part IV (continuing series)

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Einfluß von SO2auf das Ascorbinsäuresystem der Fichtennadeln

Cited by 12 publications

References 22 publications

Seasonal changes in antioxidants in red spruce as affected by ozone

Seasonal changes in antioxidants in red spruce as affected by ozone

An Sem Study of Injury Symptoms in Parmotrema Reticulatum Treated With Paraquat or Growing in Sulphur Dioxide-Polluted Air

‘Waldsterben’, part IV (continuing series)

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Einfluß von SO₂auf das Ascorbinsäuresystem der Fichtennadeln