Einfluß struktureller Merkmale auf die physikalischen Eigenschaften vernetzter Epoxidharze

Batzer, von H.; Lohse, F.; Schmid, R.

doi:10.1002/apmc.1973.050290117

Cited by 56 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…New or modified materials, ageing Besides the high strength fibres mentioned above, new polymers with specific thermal or functional properties, the third generation of plastics [15] such as PTFE, PPS, PI, PEEK [76] and electrically conducting or ferroelectric [77] polymers had been brought to the market. The large family of epoxy resins was carefully explored by Batzer and his group at Ciba, who determined the effect of structural elements on the behaviour of the cross-linked network [78]; Pascault et al [79] have later extensively reviewed the formation of thermosetting networks and their behaviour.…”

Section: The 1970s: Continued Progress Through New Concepts Materialmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eighty years of macromolecular science: from birth to nano-, bio- and self-assembling polymers—with slight emphasis on European contributions

Schmeling

2011

Colloid Polym Sci

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A definition of macromolecular science (as opposed to polymer science and engineering) is given, from which the year 1930 is derived as the year of its birth. The scope of treatment of this paper will be limited to solid technical polymers. Some important discoveries of polymer technology in the nineteenth century are reviewed together with the reason why the concept of macromolecules and the theory of rubber elasticity did not emerge earlier. The role of chain backbones in structure formation and mechanical loading of technical polymers has been heavily discussed ever since and has attracted this author for most of his scientific work. He offers a personal perspective of the most important achievements in three domains of macromolecular science: the synthesis of well-designed chain molecules, structural characterization and the understanding of the micro-mechanics of (nano-structured) polymer materials. Progress is generally documented by citing individual references from the discussed periods-well knowing that the development of science is due to the contributions of many more people. In conclusion, a critical outlook will be attempted on future trends in the design and application of well-adapted-and frequently complex-polymer systems towards growing human needs.

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Section: The 1970s: Continued Progress Through New Concepts Materialmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eighty years of macromolecular science: from birth to nano-, bio- and self-assembling polymers—with slight emphasis on European contributions

Schmeling

2011

Colloid Polym Sci

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“…It is known that for a number of epoxy systems, the glass transition temperature, T,, increases during curing; if in the course of the reaction T, exceeds the reaction temperature, the curing rate is greatly reduced and finally stops (cf., e.g., ref. 3). In cured resins, one frequently finds supermolecular formations (cf., e.g., refs 3-5), mostly observed by electron microscopy.…”

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confidence: 99%

Curing of epoxy resins. II. Curing of bisphenol a diglycidyl ether with diamines

Luňák¹,

Dušek

1975

J. polym. sci., C Polym. symp.

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Structural parameters characterizing the course of curing bisphenol A diglycidyl ether with hexamethylenediamine and 4,4′‐diaminodiphenylmethane in the pre‐ and postgelation stages were determined. Conversion at the gel point, concentration of the tertiary amino groups, and number average molecular weights agree fairly well over a broad range of the stoichiometric ratios of functionalities with the values calculated according to the procedure described in Part I (Dušek, llavský, and Luňák, J. Polym. Sci.: Symp. 53, 29 (1975). A satisfactory agreement was also obtained for lightly crosslinked gel prepared with an excess of the amino component. The optimum values for the reactivity (rate constants) ratio of hydrogen on the secondary and primary amino groups are 0.6–0.7 for hexamethylenediamine and 0.35–0.45 for 4,4′‐diaminodiphenylmethane. The agreement between the course of reaction and the assumed model indicates that not far from the gel point, and at a reaction temperature above the glass transition temperature, the diffusion control does not play any major role and a nonhomogeneous course of the curing reactions is not likely. The authors are indebted to M. Mach, and J. Klaban for the mechanical and spectroscopic measurements.

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“…[100] and Lohse et al [101] pointed out the dominating effect of molecular strand length on the ultimate properties and the toughness of crosslinked polymers. Later, Batzer et al [46], Schmid [44], and Fischer et al [45] compared the behavior of various networks composed of epoxy resins. An interesting and elegant complementary approach to study the fracture of crosslinked polymers was chosen by Nguyen, Kausch et al [102] and Kausch et al [103] who explored the healing of cracks in crosslinked styrene-co-acrylonitrile and other polymer alloys.…”

Section: Results From the Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Properties and failure of polymes with tailored distances between crosslinks

Fischer¹

Macromolecules: Synthesis, Order and Advanced Properties

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Crosstinked polymers are rather peculiar materials in that they never melt and they exhibit entropic elasticity at elevated temperatures. The present review on the influence of crosslink density is structured around model polymers of uniform composition but with widely varying numbers of crosslinks. The degree of crosstinking in the polymers was verified by use of the theory of rubber elasticity.The existence of crosslinks has little effect on the behaviour of the glassy polymers at low levels of strain. Fox's equation was found appropriate for those minor effects. In contrast to their low significance at small strains, crosslinks determine the dimensions of the deformation zone ahead of the tip of a crack propagating through the polymer. Proportionality between the crack opening displacement (Dugdale-Barenblatt-model) and the chain contour length of the strands of the molecular network was established. In this way, the molecular architecture of the polymer determines the toughness of the bulk material.Polymer fracture studies reported in the recent literature are shown to be in agreement with the conclusions derived from the present model polymers.

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Einfluß struktureller Merkmale auf die physikalischen Eigenschaften vernetzter Epoxidharze

Cited by 56 publications

References 52 publications

Eighty years of macromolecular science: from birth to nano-, bio- and self-assembling polymers—with slight emphasis on European contributions

Eighty years of macromolecular science: from birth to nano-, bio- and self-assembling polymers—with slight emphasis on European contributions

Curing of epoxy resins. II. Curing of bisphenol a diglycidyl ether with diamines

Properties and failure of polymes with tailored distances between crosslinks

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