Plakortone B is a naturally occurring bicyclic[3.3.0]furanolactone compound with attractive bioactivities. Although the relative configuration of plakortone B's central core had been established by NMR spectroscopic methods, the absolute configuration of its four stereocenters remained unknown. In the present paper, all four possible isomers of plakortone B were synthesized and one of these molecules was found to be identical with the natural plakortone B on the basis of (1)H, (13)C NMR spectra and specific rotation comparisons. Thus, the absolute configuration of the natural plakortone B was determined to be (3S,4S,6R,10R).