Eine mittelpaläolithische Formengruppe und das Problem ihrer geochronologischen Einordnung

Bosinski, Gerhard

doi:10.3285/eg.14.1.14

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Blattspitzengruppen) and Schambach not occur, but the types Königsaue and Pradnikhorizont were also included. In his very early works, Lebenstedt was seen as the type location of the Jungacheuléen, which was located before the Eem (Bosinski 1963). Böhner (2000, p.…”

Section: Not Only D O T H E T Y P E S R ö R S H a I N ( N O W P L Amentioning

confidence: 99%

Reflections on the term Micoquian in Western and Central Europe. Change in criteria, changed deductions, change in meaning, and its significance for current research

Frick

2020

Archaeol Anthropol Sci

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The primary objective of this contribution is to show the intricate ways of over 100 years of research concerning the term Micoquian and its multiple shifts in meaning. A detailed analysis of the course of the research history has made it possible to identify several tendencies of shifting meaning. This concerned both its position within the chronology, its spatial extent, and decisive assemblage components. The term Micoquian has been used to describe complexes with very different characteristics. Chronologically, both assemblages dating before, during, and after the last interglacial period were referred to as Micoquian. To avoid difficulties in understanding the term, different names for the generic units of the respective assemblage units have been proposed from time to time. Due to the reflections on the research history, it is possible to investigate the question of whether and to what extent the term Micoquian should continue to be used and what significance is attached to it today, and to what extent it appears necessary to pursue other approaches to the classification of the Middle Paleolithic record. In conclusion, a multidisciplinary approach is proposed (including lithic, faunal, radiometric, site catchment, and/or settlement dynamic analysis) to build a multifaceted framework that is able to form clusters of similarities. The formerly defined generic units (called technocomplexes, facies, groups, space-time units, and so on) are seen purely as umbrella terms to structure the Paleolithic record, without claiming to reflect the former Paleolithic reality. With the addition of a tight chronological corset, the definitions of technocomplexes (by using lithic, faunal, and possibly floral data) could allow small, manageable space-time units to be formed and then compared with one another.

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Section: Not Only D O T H E T Y P E S R ö R S H a I N ( N O W P L Amentioning

confidence: 99%

Reflections on the term Micoquian in Western and Central Europe. Change in criteria, changed deductions, change in meaning, and its significance for current research

Frick

2020

Archaeol Anthropol Sci

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“…Following Bosinski (1963Bosinski ( , 1982 and Conard & Fischer (2000), we divide the Middle Palaeolithic of Germany into two phases, the Early Middle Palaeolithic, which corresponds to the last two glacial cycles of the Middle Pleistocene, and the Late Middle Palaeolithic, which includes Eemian and Weichselian/Wu ¨rmian assemblages. Relative to the Lower Palaeolithic, the Middle Palaeolithic is seen as a period of technological diversity and variability.…”

Section: Middle Palaeolithic Faunal Assemblages From the Rhinelandmentioning

confidence: 99%

Middle palaeolithic hunting economies in the Rhineland

Conard¹,

Prindiville²

2000

Int. J. Osteoarchaeol.

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Until the 1980s, archaeologists routinely assumed that faunal material found in association with Middle Palaeolithic artifacts represented the remains of animals hunted by Neanderthals. Over the last two decades, most researchers have come to the conclusion that diverse anthropogenic and non-anthropogenic agents can lead to the co-occurrence of lithic artifacts and faunal remains. With this taphonomic problem in mind, this paper considers the evidence for Middle Palaeolithic hunting in the Rhineland. Special attention will be paid to the recent excavations at Ariendorf, Hummerich, Schweinskopf, To ¨nchesberg and Wannen in the Neuwied Basin, and Wallertheim in Rheinhessen. The analysis of the data from the faunal assemblages themselves form the basis of this paper, but emphasis will also be placed on the taphonomic contexts, the nature of the accompanying lithic assemblages, and the topographic and stratigraphic positions of the sites, in order to address the question of how hominids responded to changing environmental conditions during the Middle Palaeolithic. This paper discusses the diversity in patterns of prey selection, skeletal part transport, seasonality and occupation intensity documented at key sites in the region, and addresses their implications for interpreting Middle Palaeolithic behaviour.

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“…Salzgitter-Lebenstedt has provided one of the best examples of systematic and routinized processing of game by Neanderthals, with a heavy dominance of reindeer (c. 80% of the identifiable fauna; see Supporting Information Tables S1 and S2; Krönneck & Staesche, 2017) and a strong focus on the adult reindeer carcasses (Gaudzinski & Roebroeks, 2000). However, the timing of the Neanderthal occupation at the site remains unclear, with suggestions ranging from Marine Isotope Stage 6 (MIS-6) to MIS-3 (Bosinski, 1963, Selle, 1991Pfaffenberg, 1991;Pastoors 2001Pastoors , 2009. Also, potential differences in taphonomic history between the reindeer and the other animal species (mammoth, horse, bison and rhinoceros) (Gaudzinski, 2000;Gaudzinski & Roebroeks, 2000Munson and Marean, 2003;White et al, 2016) require further contextualization.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neanderthal subsistence, taphonomy and chronology at Salzgitter‐Lebenstedt (Germany): a multifaceted analysis of morphologically unidentifiable bone

Ruebens

Smith

Fewlass

et al. 2023

J Quaternary Science

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Pleistocene faunal assemblages are often highly fragmented, hindering taxonomic identifications and interpretive potentials. In this paper, we apply four different methodologies to morphologically unidentifiable bone fragments from the Neanderthal open-air site of Salzgitter-Lebenstedt (Germany). First, we recorded zooarchaeological attributes for all 1362 unidentifiable bones recovered in 1977. Second, we applied zooarchaeology by mass spectrometry (ZooMS) to 761 fragments, and calculated glutamine deamidation values. Third, we assessed the collagen preservation of 30 fragments by near-infrared spectroscopy (NIR) and, finally, we pretreated 10 bones with high predicted collagen values for radiocarbon dating. All returned dates at, or beyond, the limit of radiocarbon dating, indicating an age of older than 51 000 years ago. The ZooMS faunal spectrum confirms a cold environment, dominated by reindeer, alongside mammoth, horse and bison. The low occurrence of carnivore modifications (1%) contrasts with an abundance of human modifications (23%). Cut marks and marrow fractures were observed across reindeer, horse and bison. The mammoth remains are less well preserved and show a lower degree of human modifications, indicating, perhaps, a different taphonomic history. Overall, this study illustrates the importance of retaining, studying and incorporating the unidentifiable bone fraction to optimize interpretations of site formation and subsistence behaviour at Palaeolithic sites.

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Eine mittelpaläolithische Formengruppe und das Problem ihrer geochronologischen Einordnung

Cited by 3 publications

References 2 publications

Reflections on the term Micoquian in Western and Central Europe. Change in criteria, changed deductions, change in meaning, and its significance for current research

Reflections on the term Micoquian in Western and Central Europe. Change in criteria, changed deductions, change in meaning, and its significance for current research

Middle palaeolithic hunting economies in the Rhineland

Neanderthal subsistence, taphonomy and chronology at Salzgitter‐Lebenstedt (Germany): a multifaceted analysis of morphologically unidentifiable bone

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