Eine Methode zur Altersbestimmung von Blut- und Spermaflecken

Estimation of the age of human bloodstains by electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy: Long-term controlled experiment on the effects of environmental factors

“…For example, observation of postmortem changes in the corpse, such as cooling of the body, post-mortem rigidity, appearance of post-mortem lividity, mummification, adipocere and the extent of digestion of foods in the stomach and intestines, have been used [1][2][3]. Physiological techniques for investigation of bloodstains have also been developed [4][5][6][7][8][9][10]. In addition, changes in enzyme activities [11] and the surface absorption spectrum [12,13] of bloodstains have been utilized to determine the age of bloodstains.…”

Identification of fetal hemoglobin and simultaneous estimation of bloodstain age by high-performance liquid chromatography

“…Over the years, various methods have been developed, such as chloride reaction [1], solubility test [2], spectrophotometry with several kinds of extracts [2][3][4][5], surface absorption spectrophotometry [6,7], immunoelectrophoresis [8], and methods utilizing changes in the ratio of the albumin level to that of hemoglobin (Hb) [9] or changes in enzyme activities [10,11]. In recent years, a new electron spin resonance technique has been proposed by Miki et al [12].…”