EIN2-dependent regulation of acetylation of histone H3K14 and non-canonical histone H3K23 in ethylene signalling

Zhang, Fan; Qi, Bin; Wang, Likai; Zhao, Bo; Rode, Siddharth; Riggan, Nathaniel D.; Ecker, Joseph R.; Qiao, Hong

doi:10.1038/ncomms13018

Cited by 127 publications

(161 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…1B). To confirm the Western blot result at the molecular level, we revisited previously published ChIP-seq data of H3K14Ac and H3K23Ac from Col-0 and ein2-5 mutant plants (23). In the ein2-5 mutant, levels of both H3K14Ac and H3K23Ac were lower than in Col-0 plants, whereas no significant difference was detected for H3K9Ac ( Fig.…”

Section: Ein2mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous work demonstrated that EIN2 is involved in the regulation of H3K14Ac and H3K23Ac levels in ethylene response (23). To explore the molecular mechanisms that underlie this regulation, we examined the levels of H3K14Ac and H3K23Ac in EIN2 S645A transgenic plants, in which EIN2-C is constitutively localized to the nucleus, and these plants display a constitutive ethylene responsive phenotype (18).…”

Section: Ein2mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…EIN3 is the key transcription factor in the ethylene signaling pathway (23). Therefore, we examined the average EIN3 ChIPseq signals and ENAP1 ChIP-seq signals in TSS regions in the genes cobound by ENAP1 and EIN3 or in the genes bound only by EIN3.…”

Section: Enap1 Binds To Active Gene Regions and Ein3 Prefers To Bind mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2A, two previously described point mutations were introduced into Cas9 to generate the deactivated dCas9 (25) and the EIN2-C coding sequence was fused with that of dCas9. We designed two guide RNAs for targeting EBF2 promoter regions (gEBF2a and gEBF2b), regions at which H3K23Ac is elevated by ethylene in an EIN2-dependent manner (23). We also designed a guide RNA for targeting to the loci containing the EIN3-binding motif (gEIN3-T) ( Fig.…”

Section: Ein2mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the nucleus, the EIN2-C transduces signals to the transcription factors EIN3 and EIL1, which are key for activation of expression of all ethylene-response genes (21,22). We recently discovered that acetylation at H3K23 and H3K14Ac is involved in ethylene-regulated gene activation in a manner that depends on both EIN2 and EIN3 (23,24).…”

mentioning

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EIN2 mediates direct regulation of histone acetylation in the ethylene response

Zhang

Wang

et al. 2017

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Ethylene gas is essential for developmental processes and stress responses in plants. Although the membrane-bound protein EIN2 is critical for ethylene signaling, the mechanism by which the ethylene signal is transduced remains largely unknown. Here we show the levels of H3K14Ac and H3K23Ac are correlated with the levels of EIN2 protein and demonstrate EIN2 C terminus (EIN2-C) is sufficient to rescue the levels of H3K14/23Ac of ein2-5 at the target loci, using CRISPR/dCas9-EIN2-C. Chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by deep sequencing (ChIP-seq) and ChIP-reChIP-seq analyses revealed that EIN2-C associates with histone partially through an interaction with EIN2 nuclear-associated protein1 (ENAP1), which preferentially binds to the genome regions that are associated with actively expressed genes both with and without ethylene treatments. Specifically, in the presence of ethylene, ENAP1-binding regions are more accessible upon the interaction with EIN2, and more EIN3 proteins bind to the loci where ENAP1 is enriched for a quick response. Together, these results reveal EIN2-C is the key factor regulating H3K14Ac and H3K23Ac in response to ethylene and uncover a unique mechanism by which ENAP1 interacts with chromatin, potentially preserving the open chromatin regions in the absence of ethylene; in the presence of ethylene, EIN2 interacts with ENAP1, elevating the levels of H3K14Ac and H3K23Ac, promoting more EIN3 binding to the targets shared with ENAP1 and resulting in a rapid transcriptional regulation.T he plant hormone ethylene is essential for a myriad of physiological and developmental processes. It is important in responses to stress, such as drought, cold, flooding, and pathogen infection (1, 2), and modulates stem cell division (3). The common aquatic ancestor of plants possessed the ethylene signaling pathway and the mechanism has been elucidated by analysis of Arabidopsis (4). Ethylene is perceived by a family of receptors bound to the membrane of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) that are similar in sequence and structure to bacterial two-component histidine kinases (5-9). Each ethylene receptor has an N-terminal transmembrane domain, and the receptors form dimers that bind ethylene via a copper cofactor RAN1 (10, 11). Signaling from one of the receptors, ETR1, induces its physical association with the ER-localized protein RTE1 (12). The ethylene receptors function redundantly to negatively regulate ethylene responses (5) via a downstream Raf-like protein kinase called CTR1 (13,14).In the absence of ethylene, both the ethylene receptors and CTR1 are active, and CTR1 is associated with the ER membrane through a direct interaction with ETR1 (13). The CTR1 downstream factor, EIN2, is localized to the ER membrane, where it interacts with ETR1 (15). The protein stability of EIN2 is regulated by two F-box proteins, ETP1 and ETP2, which mediated its degradation by the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway (16). In the absence of ethylene, the CTR1-mediated phosphorylation at the C-terminal end of EIN2 (EIN2-C) leads to ...

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Section: Ein2mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Ein2mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Enap1 Binds To Active Gene Regions and Ein3 Prefers To Bind mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Ein2mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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EIN2 mediates direct regulation of histone acetylation in the ethylene response

Zhang

Wang

et al. 2017

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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133

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REBELOTE, a regulator of floral determinacy in Arabidopsis thaliana, interacts with both nucleolar and nucleoplasmic proteins

et al. 2018

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The nucleoplasm and nucleolus are the two main territories of the nucleus. While specific functions are associated with each of these territories (such as mRNA synthesis in the nucleoplasm and ribosomal rRNA synthesis in the nucleolus), some proteins are known to be located in both. Here, we investigated the molecular function of REBELOTE ( RBL ), an Arabidopsis thaliana protein previously characterized as a regulator of floral meristem termination. We show that RBL displays a dual localization, in the nucleolus and nucleoplasm. Moreover, we used direct and global approaches to demonstrate that RBL interacts with nucleic acid‐binding proteins. It binds to the NOC proteins SWA 2, At NOC 2 and At NOC 3 in both the nucleolus and nucleoplasm, and also to OBE 1 and VFP 3/ ENAP 1. Taking into account the identities of these RBL interactors, we hypothesize that RBL acts both in ribosomal biogenesis and in the regulation of gene expression.

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Tools of the Ethylene Trade: A Chemical Kit to Influence Ethylene Responses in Plants and Its Use in Agriculture

Depaepe

Straeten

2019

Small Methods

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The simplest unsaturated hydrocarbon, ethylene or ethene, is one of the most widely produced organic chemicals worldwide. It serves as a building block for various materials and chemicals, including plastics, ethanol, detergents, and many more. Strikingly, it also acts as a signaling molecule in virtually all physiological processes and during all developmental stages in plant life. Plant biologists consider ethylene to have a tripartite role in plant development; this gaseous molecule can serve as a plant growth regulator, an aging hormone, and as a stress controller, aiding in defense against both biotic and abiotic stressors. Therefore, the regulation of the ethylene status is indispensable in both agricultural and horticultural practices. Since its discovery as a phytohormone, many chemicals have been developed that are able to affect ethylene responses in plants. Here, an extensive overview of the current toolbox of ethylene regulators, their discovery, function, and applications in both the agri‐ and horticultural field is presented. Furthermore, possibilities and considerations related to novel small molecules, such as those emerging from the chemical genetics field, are discussed.

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EIN2-dependent regulation of acetylation of histone H3K14 and non-canonical histone H3K23 in ethylene signalling

Cited by 127 publications

References 64 publications

EIN2 mediates direct regulation of histone acetylation in the ethylene response

EIN2 mediates direct regulation of histone acetylation in the ethylene response

REBELOTE, a regulator of floral determinacy in Arabidopsis thaliana, interacts with both nucleolar and nucleoplasmic proteins

Tools of the Ethylene Trade: A Chemical Kit to Influence Ethylene Responses in Plants and Its Use in Agriculture

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