Ein neuer hydrodynamischer Erhaltungssatz

Ertel, Hans

doi:10.1007/bf01475602

Cited by 312 publications

(372 citation statements)

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“…A PV-based dynamical definition of the tropopause is for many purposes more attractive than the conventional WMO thermal definition because PV is conserved under adiabatic and frictionless conditions [Ertel, 1942] and emphasizes the material-surface nature of the tropopause [Hoskins et al, 1985;Wirth, 1995b]. Tropopause PV values used in the literature range from approximately 1.6 pvu to 3.5 pvu, with a value of 2 pvu used most often (PV units, 1 pvu = 10 À6 m 2 s À1 K kg À1 ).…”

Section: Tropopausementioning

confidence: 99%

Stratosphere‐troposphere exchange: A review, and what we have learned from STACCATO

et al. 2003

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[1] This paper provides a review of stratosphere-troposphere exchange (STE), with a focus on processes in the extratropics. It also addresses the relevance of STE for tropospheric chemistry, particularly its influence on the oxidative capacity of the troposphere. After summarizing the current state of knowledge, the objectives of the project Influence of Stratosphere-Troposphere Exchange in a Changing Climate on Atmospheric Transport and Oxidation Capacity (STACCATO), recently funded by the European Union, are outlined. Several papers in this Journal of Geophysical ResearchAtmospheres special section present the results of this project, of which this paper gives an overview. STACCATO developed a new concept of STE in the extratropics, explored the capacities of different types of methods and models to diagnose STE, and identified their various strengths and shortcomings. Extensive measurements were made in central Europe, including the first monitoring over an extended period of time of beryllium-10 ( 10 Be), to provide a suitable database for case studies of stratospheric intrusions and for model validation. Photochemical models were used to examine the impact of STE on tropospheric ozone and the oxidizing capacity of the troposphere. Studies of the present interannual variability of STE and projections into the future were made using reanalysis data and climate models.

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Section: Tropopausementioning

confidence: 99%

Stratosphere‐troposphere exchange: A review, and what we have learned from STACCATO

et al. 2003

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“…The definition of potential vorticity, as introduced by Ertel (1942) for the adiabatic atmosphere, and when expressed in isentropic coordinates with the quasi-static approximation (Lait, 1994), is:…”

Section: A Case Study Of Ste Of Ozone Over Athens Greece (38°n 24°e)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of Stratosphere‐troposphere exchange events of ozone in India and Greece using ozonesonde ascents

Ganguly

Tzanis

2011

Meteorological Applications

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Stratosphere-troposphere Exchange (STE) is an important factor controlling the budget of ozone in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere. Studies of STE events in India are so far restricted to co-ordinated campaigns, and measurements over longer periods are relatively scarce. In the light of this observation, this paper aims to identify the Indian latitudes most likely to be affected by STE, the frequency of occurrence of shallow and deep STE events, the depth up to which the ozone from the stratosphere descends into the troposphere during STE events and the resultant trend of ozone in the troposphere under the possible influence of STE over the 24 years from 1982 to 2006. In addition, a case study of the STE of ozone, which occurred during a cut-off low event at Athens, Greece, is presented in order to understand the parameters that may contribute to the evolution of these events. It is concluded that STE plays a minor role in the Indian tropospheric ozone budget. On the whole, the occurrence of STE events in India is found to increase with increase in latitude and occur more frequently during winter followed by summer. The occurrence of deep STE is higher at high latitudes while the occurrence of shallow STE is higher at low latitudes.

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“…Much of today's knowledge of real, finite-amplitude Rossby waves began with the theoretical work of Rossby (1936), Ertel (1942), Charney (1948) and Kleinschmidt (1950-1) on the concept of potential vorticity (PV) and its inversion, together with observational studies of isentropic distributions of PV in the real stratosphere, beginning with a "damn fool experiment", in Erasmus Darwin's sense, that was done in the early 1980s at the UK Meteorological Office.…”

Section: The Rossby-wave Jigsawmentioning

confidence: 99%

Balance, Potential-Vorticity Inversion, Lighthill Radiation, and the Slow Quasimanifold

McIntyre

2001

IUTAM Symposium on Advances in Mathematical Modelling of Atmosphere and Ocean Dynamics

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Practically our entire understanding of large-scale atmosphere-ocean dynamics depends on the notions of balance and potential-vorticity inversion. These are essential, for instance, for a clear understanding of the basic Rossby-wave propagation mechanism, or quasi-elasticity, that underlies almost every large-scale fluid-dynamical phenomenon of meteorological and oceanographical interest, from the global-scale transport of terrestrial greenhouse gases (and similar problems in the solar interior) to Rossby-wave-mediated global teleconnection, baroclinic and barotropic shear instability, vortex coherence, and vortex-core isolation. The ideas involved in understanding balance and inversion continue to hold special fascination because of their central importance both for theory and for applications, such as data assimilation, and the fact that complete mathematical understanding is still elusive. The importance for applications was adumbrated by Richardson in his pioneering study of numerical weather prediction. The importance for theoryand the exquisite subtlety involved -was adumbrated by Poincaré in his discovery of the homoclinic tangle, and by Lighthill in his discovery of the quadrupole nature of acoustic radiation by unsteady vortical motion.

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Ein neuer hydrodynamischer Erhaltungssatz

Cited by 312 publications

References 1 publication

Stratosphere‐troposphere exchange: A review, and what we have learned from STACCATO

Stratosphere‐troposphere exchange: A review, and what we have learned from STACCATO

Study of Stratosphere‐troposphere exchange events of ozone in India and Greece using ozonesonde ascents

Balance, Potential-Vorticity Inversion, Lighthill Radiation, and the Slow Quasimanifold

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