2019
DOI: 10.1002/ange.201810696
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Ein hochaktives, Ylid‐funktionalisiertes Phosphan für die palladiumkatalysierte Aminierung von Arylchloriden

Abstract: Ylid‐funktionalisierte Phosphanliganden (YPhos) wurden entwickelt, um den Voraussetzungen einer Buchwald‐Hartwig‐Aminierung bei Raumtemperatur zu genügen. Diese Ligandenklasse kombiniert ein besonders hohes Elektronendonorvermögen, vergleichbar mit dem von NHC‐Liganden, mit hohem sterischem Anspruch ähnlich jenem von Biarylphosphanen. Die aktiven Pd‐Spezies sind dabei über agostische C‐H⋅⋅⋅Pd‐ und nicht über Pd‐Aren‐Wechselwirkungen stabilisiert. Der praktische Vorteil dieser YPhos‐Liganden liegt insbesondere … Show more

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Cited by 30 publications
(20 citation statements)
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“…[13] In 2017 Dielmann et al solved the problem of guanidine degradation by using related aromatically stabilized imidazolin-2-ylidenamino substituents to access the very interesting class of electron-rich imidazolin-2-ylidenaminophosphine (IAP) ligands with their high basicity as well as outstanding Tolman electronic parameters (TEPs) and large cone angles. PA Ps thus complement other phosphine ligands incorporating superbasic structural motifs,w hich have already been utilized as catalysts in palladium [15] and gold catalysis, [16] and as activators of small molecules per se. Furthermore,t he emerging class of phosphazenyl phosphines (PAPs) are,i n contrast to phosphazenes,privileged to form awide range of transition metal coordination compounds as well.…”
mentioning
confidence: 90%
“…[13] In 2017 Dielmann et al solved the problem of guanidine degradation by using related aromatically stabilized imidazolin-2-ylidenamino substituents to access the very interesting class of electron-rich imidazolin-2-ylidenaminophosphine (IAP) ligands with their high basicity as well as outstanding Tolman electronic parameters (TEPs) and large cone angles. PA Ps thus complement other phosphine ligands incorporating superbasic structural motifs,w hich have already been utilized as catalysts in palladium [15] and gold catalysis, [16] and as activators of small molecules per se. Furthermore,t he emerging class of phosphazenyl phosphines (PAPs) are,i n contrast to phosphazenes,privileged to form awide range of transition metal coordination compounds as well.…”
mentioning
confidence: 90%
“…[15][16][17][18][19][20] More recently, the family of highly electron-rich phosphines with p-donor substituents has been extended by the groups of Gessner and Sundermayer using phosphoniumylidyl (R 3 P= CRÀ) and phosphazenyl (R 3 P=NÀ) groups, respectively. [21,22] Although strongly donating phosphines have great potential as ligands in coordination chemistry and catalysis, [12,23] their broad application as ligands, but more importantly in stoichiometric reactions, is often hampered by their rather difficult synthesis. In this respect, readily available, cheap phosphines like PPh 3 or P(nBu) 3 are typically used in phosphine-mediated transformations such as Wittig, [24] Mitzunobu, [25] Appel, [26] or Staudinger [27] reactions.Given these considerations, we envisaged that pyridinylidenaminophosphines (PyAPs) might be a potentially very useful family of electron-rich phosphines owing to the following beneficial factors: 1) Aminopyridines are commercially available, cheap compounds which should enable a very short synthetic route to aminopyridin-substituted phosphines; 2) the pyridinylidenamino groups can be regarded as remote carbene analogues of imidazoline-2-ylidenamino groups and should therefore similarly enhance the electron density at the phosphorus atom; 3) The selection of the R group at the pyridine N atom and the position relative to the exocyclic N should provide an easy means for stereoelectronic finetuning of the resulting phosphines (Figure 1 a).With respect to the straightforward access, it is surprising that very little is known about the synthesis of PyAPs and their properties are unexplored: Nifantyev and co-workers prepared two PyAPs from the reaction of 1-ethylpyridin-2-imine with dialkylchlorophosphines when they studied the prototropic equilibrium of phosphorylated aminopyridines (Figure 1 c).…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…[15][16][17][18][19][20] More recently, the family of highly electron-rich phosphines with p-donor substituents has been extended by the groups of Gessner and Sundermayer using phosphoniumylidyl (R 3 P= CRÀ) and phosphazenyl (R 3 P=NÀ) groups, respectively. [21,22] Although strongly donating phosphines have great potential as ligands in coordination chemistry and catalysis, [12,23] their broad application as ligands, but more importantly in stoichiometric reactions, is often hampered by their rather difficult synthesis. In this respect, readily available, cheap phosphines like PPh 3 or P(nBu) 3 are typically used in phosphine-mediated transformations such as Wittig, [24] Mitzunobu, [25] Appel, [26] or Staudinger [27] reactions.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…[12] Schmutzler et al versuchten das potenziell superbasische Tr is(tetramethylguanidino)phosphin zu isolieren, scheiterten jedoch aufgrund von Zersetzungsreaktionen an der Deprotonierung der P-protonierten konjugierten Säure. Somit ergänzen sie Phosphinliganden mit superbasischen Strukturmotiven, wie sie bereits in der Palladium- [15] oder Goldkatalyse [16] eingesetzt wurden. [14] Wirb erichten hier, dass Schwesingers Phosphazene,d ie bis heute stärksten nicht-ionischen Superbasen, überraschenderweise noch basischer werden, wenn formal die tBuN-Nitreneinheit des P V -Imins reduktiv eliminiert wird.…”
unclassified
“…Die daraus resultierende Klasse der Phosphazenylphosphine (PAPs) ist, anders als Phosphazene,z usätzlich privilegiert, eine große Anzahl an Übergangsmetallkomplexen zu bilden. Somit ergänzen sie Phosphinliganden mit superbasischen Strukturmotiven, wie sie bereits in der Palladium- [15] oder Goldkatalyse [16] eingesetzt wurden. Darüber hinaus sind sie selbst auch dazu in der Lage,k leine Moleküle zu aktivieren.…”
unclassified