Eimeria tenella or Eimeria adenoeides: Induction of Morphological Changes and Increased Resistance to Salmonella enteritidis Infection in Leghorn Chicks

Abstract

The effect of either low doses of the chicken coccidium, Eimeria tenella (ET) or high doses of the turkey coccidium, Eimeria adenoeides (EA) on Salmonella enteritidis (SE) organ invasion, as well as histological and morphometric changes in the ceca of Leghorn chicks, was investigated. In these studies, chicks were inoculated orally with either saline solution (control) or one of three doses of sporulated oocysts of either ET or EA at 1 d of age. Five days later, 10(4) cfu of SE were administered per os to all chickens. Chicks were killed and organs cultured for SE 6 d following bacterial challenge. A clear relationship of decreased SE organ invasion was observed by increasing the dose of sporulated oocysts of either ET or EA. Furthermore, the increased resistance to organ infectivity in both experiments was matched with an increase in lamina propria thickness based on morphometric analysis (P < .05), probably due to a marked infiltration of inflammatory cells in the cecal mucosa. In both trials, a significant correlation was found (r = -.98 for ET; r = -.99 for EA) between the rate of bacterial organ infectivity and lamina propria thickness of the cecum. These data indicate that the increased resistance to SE organ invasion following subclinical coccidial infections were associated with morphological changes in the ceca of Leghorn chicks.

Eimeria adenoeides sporozoites: enhanced invasion of cultured cells previously inoculated with Eimeria acervulina sporozoites

“…Morphological changes in intestinal cells and avian cultured kidney cells containing developing stages of avian Eimeria species have been described (Fernando and McCraw 1973;Urquhart 1981a;Pasternak and Fernando 1984;Tellez et al 1994). The changes in the cells were often accompanied by biochemical modi®ca-tions that included increased proteolytic sensitivity brought about by accumulation of gel-phase lipid in the plasma membrane (Fernando 1983), enriched levels of certain plasma membrane proteins (Fernando et al 1974;Fernando 1983), and altered DNA synthesis (Urquhart 1981b).…”

Associations between vaccinations against protozoal and viral infections and Salmonella in broiler flocks

“…It is intuitively suggestive that the damage of intestinal mucosal epithelium in a course of clinical coccidiosis may enhance susceptibility to Salmonella colonization. However, experimental evidence also suggests that subclinical eimerial infection in broilers following oocyst administration on the first day of life may lead to organ resistance to Salmonella colonization several days later [23]. In particular for colonization of caeca the resistance was attributed to increased thickness of lamina propria following infiltration with inflammatory cells [23].…”

“…However, experimental evidence also suggests that subclinical eimerial infection in broilers following oocyst administration on the first day of life may lead to organ resistance to Salmonella colonization several days later [23]. In particular for colonization of caeca the resistance was attributed to increased thickness of lamina propria following infiltration with inflammatory cells [23]. Moreover, in another experimental series, no enhancement of caecal colonization with Salmonella in the presence of clinical coccidiosis was observed in broilers receiving anaerobic adult caecal flora on the first day of life and simultaneously challenged with Eimeria and Salmonella 2 days later [24].…”

Quantification of risk factors of coccidiosis in broilers by using logistic regression analysis

“…Previous studies have shown interaction between Eimeria and Salmonella (9,11,13,14) reviewed the interaction with Escherichia coli. Salmonella viruses Marek's disease.…”