1978
DOI: 10.1016/s0022-5347(17)57435-2
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Eight Years of Experience with Preoperative Angiographic and Lymphographic Staging of Bladder Cancer

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Cited by 14 publications
(4 citation statements)
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“…In some cases, neoplasia cannot be diagnosed. This confirms the conclusions of Winterberger et al, (4,9) for whom arteriographical diagnosis after radiotherapy is much more difficult and does not clearly differentiate recurrence from radiological lesions. Angiographical examinations are thus useful for stage IV evalu ations which will determine the therapy and are in this respect much more efficient than bimanual palpation under anaesthesia combined with bladder biopsy.…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 88%
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“…In some cases, neoplasia cannot be diagnosed. This confirms the conclusions of Winterberger et al, (4,9) for whom arteriographical diagnosis after radiotherapy is much more difficult and does not clearly differentiate recurrence from radiological lesions. Angiographical examinations are thus useful for stage IV evalu ations which will determine the therapy and are in this respect much more efficient than bimanual palpation under anaesthesia combined with bladder biopsy.…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 88%
“…The staging can be easily determined at angiog raphy for the evaluation of the extravesical spreading, but if Winterberger et al (4,9) obtain 85.6% accurate diagnoses with arteriography alone, Lang et al (11) reaches a 100% accuracy for stage IV.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…Angiographically, mainly tumors of higher stages can be reliably diagnosed. According to Winterberger et al [14], an accuracy of 85% results for categories T3 and T4. Taking into account the invasiveness of angiographic diagnosis, the high error rate in T1 and T2 tumors as well as the risk of complications, this method of investigation is by no means to be regarded as a real alternative.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%