Eicosapentaenoic acid in cancer improves body composition and modulates metabolism

Pappalardo, Giulia; Almeida, Ana Isabel; Ravasco, Paula

doi:10.1016/j.nut.2014.12.002

Cited by 88 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Read et al [27] EPA enriched oral nutritional supplement Result in maintenance of nutritional status and QOL. Pappalardo et al [28] EPA enriched oral nutritional supplement Reduce inflammation and moderate nutritional status/body composition. Kaido et al [30] Preoperative nutritional therapy including BCAAs in patients undergoing LDLT Improve overall survival in patients with sarcopenia.…”

Section: Author Intervention Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of postoperative changes in sarcopenic factors on outcomes after hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma

Kobayashi

Kaido

Hamaguchi

et al. 2015

J Hepato Biliary Pancreat

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Section: Author Intervention Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of postoperative changes in sarcopenic factors on outcomes after hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma

Kobayashi

Kaido

Hamaguchi

et al. 2015

J Hepato Biliary Pancreat

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“…The optimal dose of EPA and DHA supplementation to attenuate cachexia has not been defined, but intervention studies showing positive effects on muscle mass have used oral nutritional supplement (ONS) providing daily intake of 2–2.2 g EPA and approximately 1 g of DHA 26. In cachexia trials, oral Ω-3 fatty acids have been administered either as capsules or as ONS 27.…”

Section: Rationale For Key Components Of the Multimodal Interventionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cancer cachexia: rationale for the MENAC (Multimodal—Exercise, Nutrition and Anti-inflammatory medication for Cachexia) trial

Solheim

Laird

Balstad

et al. 2018

BMJ Support Palliat Care

144

110

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Cancer cachexia is a multifactorial syndrome characterized by an on-going loss of skeletal muscle mass that cannot be fully reversed by conventional nutritional support alone. Cachexia has a high prevalence in cancer and a major impact on patient physical function, morbidity and mortality. Despite the consequences of cachexia, there is no licensed treatment for cachexia and no accepted standard of care. It has been argued that the multifactorial genesis of cachexia lends itself to therapeutic targeting through a multimodal treatment. Following a successful phase II trial, a phase III randomized controlled trial of a multimodal cachexia intervention is underway.Termed the MENAC trial (Multimodal -Exercise, Nutrition and Anti-inflammatory medication for Cachexia), this intervention is based on evidence to date and consists of Non-steroidal Antiinflammatory Drugs (NSAID) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) to reduce inflammation, a physical exercise programme using resistance and aerobic training to increase anabolism, as well as dietary counselling and oral nutritional supplements to promote energy and protein balance. Herein we describe the development of this trial.

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“…35 As recently reviewed, although not all studies in the past reported a benefit of fish oil supplementation on cancer cachexia, promising results were obtained in recent trials. 36,37 Since it has been suggested that possible reasons for such inconsistencies among trials could be the variability in study design, compliance with the supplement, contamination between study arms and different methodologies used to evaluate body composition, 36 future well-designed trials are needed to clarify the therapeutic potential of n-3 fatty acids for cancer-related muscle wasting.…”

Section: Options For Prevention and Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cancer-induced muscle wasting: latest findings in prevention and treatment

2017

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Cancer cachexia is a severe and disabling clinical condition that frequently accompanies the development of many types of cancer. Muscle wasting is the hallmark of cancer cachexia and is associated with serious clinical consequences such as physical impairment, poor quality of life, reduced tolerance to treatments and shorter survival. Cancer cachexia may evolve through different stages of clinical relevance, namely pre-cachexia, cachexia and refractory cachexia. Given its detrimental clinical consequences, it appears mandatory to prevent and/or delay the progression of cancer cachexia to its refractory stage by implementing the early recognition and treatment of the nutritional and metabolic alterations occurring during cancer. Research on the molecular mechanisms underlying muscle wasting during cancer cachexia has expanded in the last few years, allowing the identification of several potential therapeutic targets and the development of many promising drugs. Several of these agents have already reached the clinical evaluation, but it is becoming increasingly evident that a single therapy may not be completely successful in the treatment of cancer-related muscle wasting, given its multifactorial and complex pathogenesis. This suggests that early and structured multimodal interventions (including targeted nutritional supplementation, physical exercise and pharmacological interventions) are necessary to prevent and/or treat the devastating consequences of this cancer comorbidity, and future research should focus on this approach.

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Eicosapentaenoic acid in cancer improves body composition and modulates metabolism

Cited by 88 publications

References 25 publications

Impact of postoperative changes in sarcopenic factors on outcomes after hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma

Impact of postoperative changes in sarcopenic factors on outcomes after hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma

Cancer cachexia: rationale for the MENAC (Multimodal—Exercise, Nutrition and Anti-inflammatory medication for Cachexia) trial

Cancer-induced muscle wasting: latest findings in prevention and treatment

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