Ego State Models and Personality Structure

Hohmuth, Arthur V.; Gormly, Anne V.

doi:10.1177/036215378201200208

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…According to this theory, the structure of each individual's personality is based on ego states (23). Dusay developed the concept of the egogram, which graphically depicts five ego states (CP, NP, A, FC, AC) in relation to one another (15).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Personality Characteristics of Patients with "White Coat" Hypertension.

1997

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To clarify psychological factors related to white coat hypertension, we examined personality characteristics of patients with mild essential hypertension by psychological testing. Patients with essential hypertension were taught to measure their own blood pressure (BP) with a semi-automatic oscillometric BP measuring device and were asked to measure BP at home in the sitting position before going to sleep. The duration of the study was 8 wk. Patients were defined as "white coat" hypertensive patients (WCHT) (n = 49) if home systolic BP was 135 mmHg or less and home diastolic BP was 85 mmHg or less, and as "sustained" hypertensive patients (SHT) (n = 53) if home systolic BP was 140 mmHg or more or home diastolic BP was 90 mmHg or more. All the patients underwent the following psychometric tests: self-rating questionnaire for depression, MMPI alexithymia scale, type A behavior pattern check list, general health questionnaire (GHQ), and egogram check list. WCHT did not differ from SHT in the scores for depression, alexithymia, type A behavior pattern, or GHQ. However, WCHT showed an abnormal pattern on egograms, as compared with SHT. On egograms, SHT showed a normal hill-shaped pattern with a peak in "nurturing parent (NP)", and "free child (FC)" was higher than "adapted child (AC)" in both genders. In contrast, WCHT showed significantly lower FC and significantly higher AC than SHT, and AC was higher than FC in both genders. These findings suggested that WCHT tend to suppress their own emotions and become over-adaptive to their surroundings, as compared with SHT. (Hypertens Res 1997; 20: 99-104)

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Personality Characteristics of Patients with "White Coat" Hypertension.

1997

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“…It's a model that had quite wide currency and no doubt can still be found in some presentations of TA. Now I really don't want to say much more about this, it's just a matter of history of how the model came to be bastardized down to that level in the first place (see, for example, Hohmuth & Gormly, 1982;Stewart, 1992, pp. 122-128).…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…We've thrown the Mickey Mouse model out of the window. What we now do, even from textbook level upward, is go back to Eric Berne's original definitions, or various versions of them (see, for example, Clarkson & Gilbert, 1988;Erskine, 1988;Erskine, 1991;Hohmuth & Gormly, 1982;Loria, 1988;Stewart & Joines, 1987, pp. 11-20;Trautmann & Erskine, 1981).…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Ego States and the Theory of Theory: The Strange Case of the Little Professor

Stewart

2001

Transactional Analysis Journal

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This speech discusses the processes of reasoning that are entailed in the building of scientific models and sets forth some generally accepted principles of model building. The speaker emphasizes that a “good” model can only be defined in terms of its usefulness, which in turn can only be judged against the intended use of the model. A model can never be said to be “correct” or “incorrect.” In light of these principles, the speaker suggests a critique of various different versions of the ego state model.

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“…In transactional analysis theory, ego states are a part of an individual's personality at a given time [4,5]. The Egogram presents five spectra in a bar-chart analysis of a person's functional ego states [6], which are categorized as "Critical Parent", "Nurturing Parent", "Adult", "Free Child", and "Adapted Child".…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, social isolation and problematic personal traits such as "neuroticism" are associated with poor response to therapeutic approaches [2]. The necessity of cognitive and interpersonal therapy [2] and the amelioration of social support [3] have been emphasized in the treatment of TRD.In transactional analysis theory, ego states are a part of an individual's personality at a given time [4,5]. The Egogram presents five spectra in a bar-chart analysis of a person's functional ego states [6], which are categorized as "Critical Parent", "Nurturing Parent", "Adult", "Free Child", and "Adapted Child".…”

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confidence: 99%

Low Critical Parent Ego State is a Marker of Treatment-Resistant Depression in a Self-Rating Ego gram Questionnaire

Muneoka¹

2015

JPCPY

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IntroductionUp to 15% of patients with depression do not show significant clinical response despite pharmacological and psychotherapeutic approaches [1]. Depression is generally considered treatmentresistant depression (TRD) when at least two trials with distinct antidepressants do not produce a significant improvement, although TRD is a heterogeneous condition [1,2]. Evidence indicates that there are multiple possible approaches to treating TRD, and suggests that neurobiological, psychological, and social factors are involved in TRD. Thus, social isolation and problematic personal traits such as "neuroticism" are associated with poor response to therapeutic approaches [2]. The necessity of cognitive and interpersonal therapy [2] and the amelioration of social support [3] have been emphasized in the treatment of TRD.In transactional analysis theory, ego states are a part of an individual's personality at a given time [4,5]. The Egogram presents five spectra in a bar-chart analysis of a person's functional ego states [6], which are categorized as "Critical Parent", "Nurturing Parent", "Adult", "Free Child", and "Adapted Child". Originally, ego states in people are observed and evaluated by psychologists intuitively through the interpersonal relationship between clients and psychologists [4]. A questionnaire has been developed that makes the evaluation of ego states more convenient [7]. Selfrating questionnaire sheets, such as the TEG (Tokyo University Egogram) [8] or Egogram Check List [9], have been widely used in clinical or occupational settings in Japan. There are clinical studies using self-rating egogram in fields of functional somatic syndromes [10,11], psycho-oncology [12], occupational health care [8], and psychiatric disorders (e.g., anorexia and bulimia nervosa) [13]. This is a result of applying a self-rating egogram, TEG to 28 patients with TRD. Materials and Methods Participants

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Ego State Models and Personality Structure

Cited by 7 publications

References 3 publications

Personality Characteristics of Patients with "White Coat" Hypertension.

Personality Characteristics of Patients with "White Coat" Hypertension.

Ego States and the Theory of Theory: The Strange Case of the Little Professor

Low Critical Parent Ego State is a Marker of Treatment-Resistant Depression in a Self-Rating Ego gram Questionnaire

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