Eggshells are shaped by a precise spatio-temporal arrangement of sequentially deposited macromolecules

Fernández, María Soledad; Araya, M; Arias, José L.

doi:10.1016/s0945-053x(97)90112-8

Cited by 104 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The organic matrix is chemically diverse, and often contains structural macromolecules like collagen or chitin [7][8][9], as well as proteins [10,11], proteoglycans [12,13] or polysaccharides [14]. All the different parts of the organic matrix are believed to play important roles in biomineralization processes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The multiple effects of amino acids on the early stages of calcium carbonate crystallization

Picker¹,

Kellermeier²,

Seto³

et al. 2012

Zeitschrift Für Kristallographie - Crystalline Materials

109

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Abstract. Proteins have found their way into many of Nature's structures due to their structural stability, diversity in function and composition, and ability to be regulated as well as be regulators themselves. In this study, we investigate the constitutive amino acids that make up some of these proteins which are involved in CaCO 3 mineralization -either in nucleation, crystal growth, or inhibition processes. By assaying all 20 amino acids with vapor diffusion and in situ potentiometric titration, we have found specific amino acids having multiple effects on the early stages of CaCO 3 crystallization. These same amino acids have been independently implicated as constituents in liquid-like precursors that form mineralized tissues, processes believed to be key effects of biomineralization proteins in several biological model systems.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The multiple effects of amino acids on the early stages of calcium carbonate crystallization

Picker¹,

Kellermeier²,

Seto³

et al. 2012

Zeitschrift Für Kristallographie - Crystalline Materials

109

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The innermost structure associated with the eggshell is a meshwork of interwoven fibers known as the shell membranes. This structure, organized into inner and outer layers of differing fiber sizes, contains collagens (Types I, V, and X), which are deposited on the surface of the forming egg as it enters the proximal (white) isthmus (Wong et al 1984;Arias et al 1991;Fernandez et al 1997). Eggshell mineralization is subsequently initiated in the distal (red) isthmus where organic aggregates are deposited on the surface of the outer eggshell membranes at quasi-periodic, but seemingly randomly located, sites; nucleation of polycrystalline aggregates of calcium carbonate occur at these positions.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Colloidal-gold Immunocytochemical Localization of Osteopontin in Avian Eggshell Gland and Eggshell

Hincke

Chien

Gerstenfeld

et al. 2008

J Histochem Cytochem.

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S U M M A R Y During mineralization of the avian eggshell, there is a sequential and orderly deposition of both matrix and mineral phases. Therefore, the eggshell is an excellent model for studying matrix-mineral relationships and the regulation of mineralization. Osteopontin, as an inhibitor of crystal growth, potently influences the formation of calcium phosphate and calcium carbonate biominerals. The purpose of this study was to characterize matrix-mineral relationships, specifically for osteopontin, in the avian eggshell using high-resolution transmission (TEM) and scanning (SEM) electron microscopy to gain insight into how calcite crystal growth is structured and compartmentalized during eggshell mineralization. Osteopontin was localized at the ultrastructural level by colloidal-gold immunocytochemistry. In EDTAdecalcified eggshell, an extensive matrix network was observed by TEM and SEM throughout all regions and included interconnected fibrous sheets, irregularly shaped aggregates, vesicular structures, protein films, and isolated protein fibers. Osteopontin was associated with protein sheets in the highly mineralized palisades region; some of these features defined boundaries that compartmentalized different eggshell structural units. In fractured and undecalcified eggshell, osteopontin was immunolocalized on the {104} crystallographic faces of calcite-its natural cleavage plane. The specific occlusion of osteopontin into calcite during mineralization may influence eggshell structure to modify its fracture resistance. (J Histochem Cytochem 56:467-476, 2008)

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“…In the calcified shells, it has been speculated that KS in the mammillary region might perform a role in the nucleation of the first calcite crystals (Arias et al, 1992;Fernandez et al, 2001) and CS type-B might regulate the crystal growth and orientation of the later forming eggshell (Fernandez et al, 1997;Fernandez et al, 2001). Furthermore, it has been reported that there is a significant correlation between the uronic acid content in calcified shell and eggshell strength (Bronsch and Diamantstein, 1965).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Chicken eggshell contains diverse GAG, not only membranes, but also calcified shell contains all 4 groups of GAG (Carrino et al, 1997;Fernandez et al, 1997;Nakano et al, 2001;Liu et al, 2014). In a calcified eggshell, immunostaining shows that KS distributes to different regions of the eggshell, but prominently in the mammillary region and CS type-B (dermatan sulfate) is very intense in the palisade region (Carrino et al, 1996;Fernandez et al, 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a calcified eggshell, immunostaining shows that KS distributes to different regions of the eggshell, but prominently in the mammillary region and CS type-B (dermatan sulfate) is very intense in the palisade region (Carrino et al, 1996;Fernandez et al, 2001). The KS in the mammillary region is thought to perform a role in the nucleation of the first calcite crystals (Arias et al, 1992;Fernandez et al, 2001), and CS type-B is thought to have a role in the growth and orientation of the later forming crystals of the chicken eggshell (Fernandez et al, 1997(Fernandez et al, , 2001. The in vitro evidence shows that a CS type-B proteoglycan can affect calcium carbonate crystal formation in a concentration-dependent manner (Carrino et al, 1996).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characteristics of glycosaminoglycans in chicken eggshells and the influence of disaccharide composition on eggshell properties

et al. 2016

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Glycosaminoglycans (GAG) are linear, highly negatively charged polysaccharides that may perform an important role in biomineralization. GAG were isolated from chicken eggshell membranes and calcified shells. Disaccharide compositional analysis was performed using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. All 4 groups of GAG -hyaluronan (HA), keratan sulfate (KS), chondroitin sulfate (CS), and heparan sulfate (HS) -were detected in shell membranes and in calcified shells. HA was the most plentiful GAG in shell membranes, and CS was the most abundant in calcified shells. The CS present, in both membranes and calcified shells, consisted primarily of 6S CS-C , 4S CS-A , and 0S CS-0 disaccharides. Neither 4S6S CS-E nor 2S CS was detectable in shell components. Small amounts of 2S4S CS-B were detected in membranes and TriS CS , and 2S4S CS-B and 2S6S CS-D were detected in calcified shells. HS in calcified shells contained all disaccharides except for 2S6S. In shell membranes, HS contained primarily NS and 0S as well as small amounts of TriS, NS2S, NS6S HS , and 6S, but neither 2S6S nor 2S was detectable. The disaccharide composition of membrane CS, as well as membrane and calcified shell HS, were very similar in all eggshells. In contrast, the composition of calcified shell CS disaccharides was highly variable. In membranes, both HA and KS content showed a correlation with egg shape index. The 4S CS-A content correlated with eggshell strength, and 0S CS-0 correlated with eggshell strength and calcified shell thickness. HS content and its disaccharide composition showed no apparent correlation to properties of calcified shells. In calcified shells, only HS 6S correlated with egg shape index. This study suggests that GAG content and disaccharide composition of shell membranes might impact the quality of chicken eggshells.

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Eggshells are shaped by a precise spatio-temporal arrangement of sequentially deposited macromolecules

Cited by 104 publications

References 20 publications

The multiple effects of amino acids on the early stages of calcium carbonate crystallization

The multiple effects of amino acids on the early stages of calcium carbonate crystallization

Colloidal-gold Immunocytochemical Localization of Osteopontin in Avian Eggshell Gland and Eggshell

Characteristics of glycosaminoglycans in chicken eggshells and the influence of disaccharide composition on eggshell properties

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