Eggshell structure, measurements, and quality-affecting factors in laying hens: a review

Ketta, Mohamed; Tůmová, E.

doi:10.17221/46/2015-cjas

Cited by 135 publications

(101 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…Hence, the production of heavier eggs in the HI50 group might explain the significant reduction in shell percentage and even in its thickness. Since the eggshell weight and thickness are physical variables correlated with the egg strength, resistance to physical and pathogenic challenges from laying to the transportation and selling phase [26], our results should be considered when evaluating the suitability to include the HI meal in the laying hens' feed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quality of Eggs and Albumen Technological Properties as Affected by Hermetia Illucens Larvae Meal in Hens’ Diet and Hen Age

Secci

Bovera

Parisi

et al. 2020

Animals

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The impact on the egg quality and the albumen technological properties were here evaluated as affected by diet and hen age (A) of 162 Hy-line Brown hens. Three isoproteic and isoenergetic diets were formulated respecting the requirements for Hy-line hens: the control diet (C) based on conventional protein sources, and other two where vegetable proteins were substituted at 25% (HI25) and 50% (HI50) by partially defatted Hermetia illucens larva meal (HI). Ten eggs collected from each group at the hen ages of 20, 27, and 35 weeks were evaluated. The eggshell percentage and thickness were significantly reduced in the HI50 eggs (11.93% and 476 µm, respectively) compared to the C (12.34%, 542 µm) and HI25 (12.54%, 516 µm). The aging lowered (p = 0.05) the protein and increased (p < 0.001) water contents of the eggs. Although the foam capacity of the HI50 albumen was halved than the C group (p < 0.05), it was unaffected by the aging. Additionally, this did not impair the volume and the textural properties of a batter (angel cake) in which it was included. On the opposite, the textural characteristics of the cake made by the oldest hens (i.e., 35 wk-old) were compromised. In conclusion, the diet and hen age differently affected egg quality and its technological properties, which could be positive to obtain eggs to destine directly to the market or to the egg industry.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quality of Eggs and Albumen Technological Properties as Affected by Hermetia Illucens Larvae Meal in Hens’ Diet and Hen Age

Secci

Bovera

Parisi

et al. 2020

Animals

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“…Mertens et al (2006) reported that shell strength was the greatest in aviary eggs and the weakest in free-range eggs. Inconsistent results explainable by structural differences of the eggshell are related to the interaction of the housing system, age, genotype, oviposition time, and mineral nutrition (Ketta and Tumova 2016).…”

mentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Very young birds with immature shell glands produce shell-less eggs or eggs with a thin eggshell (Ketta and Tumova 2016). Tumova et al (2014) detected a decreased eggshell strength in older hens in comparison with younger ones.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of housing system and age of laying hens on eggshell quality, microbial contamination, and penetration of microorganisms into eggs

Vlčková¹,

Tůmová²,

Ketta³

et al. 2018

Czech J. Anim. Sci.

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Vlčková J., Tůmová E., Ketta M., Englmaierová M., Chodová D. (2018): Effect of housing system and age of laying hens on eggshell quality, microbial contamination, and penetration of microorganisms into eggs. Czech J. Anim. Sci., 63, 51-60.Hens of the laying hybrid ISA Brown were used in the study with the objective to evaluate eggshell quality, microbial contamination of eggshells, and penetration of microorganisms into the egg content in different housing systems (enriched cage: 60 hens, 10 hens per cage, 750 cm 2 per hen vs free range: 60 hens, 9 hens per m 2 ) and at different hen ages (26 vs 51 weeks) during storage time (0, 2, 7, 14, and 21 days). A significant interaction between the housing system and age was observed in egg weight and most of eggshell quality measurements. However, microbial contamination and penetration were affected mostly by the housing system and storage time. The numbers of Escherichia coli (P < 0.001, 4.51 vs 2.75 log cfu/eggshell) and Enterococcus (P < 0.001, 2.56 vs 1.11 log cfu/eggshell), and the total number of microorganisms (P < 0.001, 5.04 vs. 3.65 log cfu/eggshell) were higher in free range eggs compared to enriched cage eggs, respectively. The counts of Escherichia coli (P < 0.001, 4.23 vs 2.91 log cfu/eggshell) and Enterococcus (P < 0.001, 2.31 vs 1.27 log cfu/eggshell) decreased with storage time. A positive correlation between the total number of pores and penetration of Escherichia coli in both housing systems was observed in the albumen. It can be concluded that the housing system and age of laying hens significantly affected eggshell quality. Microbial contamination presumably affects the penetration of microorganisms. The correlation between the number of pores and penetration is assumed to be affected by the microbial species.

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“…In recent study Englmaierova et al (2015) confirmed that the shell quality of eggs that were laid by hens fed a diet with 1.8 g/kg of NPP and 350 FTU/kg of phytase Natuphos ® was comparable with the shell quality of eggs from hens that received a diet with only 2.1 g/kg of NPP. On the other hand, there is a lot of factors, both external and internal, affecting egg shell quality (Tumova et al 2014;Ketta and Tumova 2016;Skrivan et al 2016).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of suboptimal levels of non-phytate phosphorus and exogenous phytase on precaecal digestibility of phosphorus and calcium in laying hens

Musilová¹,

Lichovnikova²,

Kupcikova³

et al. 2017

CZECH J ANIM SCI

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Musilova A., Lichovnikova M., Kupcikova L., Anderle V. (2017): Effect of suboptimal levels of non-phytate phosphorus and exogenous phytase on precaecal digestibility of phosphorus and calcium in laying hens. Czech J. Anim. Sci., 62, 473-481.The precaecal digestibility of phosphorus and calcium in laying hens was evaluated at two dietary levels of non-phytate phosphorus (NPP; 1.58 and 2.03 g/kg) and two levels of exogenous 3-phytase (F; 0 and 300 phytase units (FTU)/kg). A total of 192 ISA Brown hens were used for the study, and were housed in enriched cages (8 per cage). At the end of the experiment, which was the peak of the egg production, the content of the posterior half of the ileum from each hen was collected. The lower level of NPP significantly (P < 0.05) improved the precaecal phosphorus digestibility coefficient. There was no significant difference in the amount of absorbed phosphorus between the lower and the higher level of NPP. The level of NPP with supplementation of exogenous phytase had a significant effect (P < 0.001) on the concentration of phosphorus in ileum, while the higher level of NPP increased phosphorus concentration in the ileum and phytase decreased phosphorus content in the ileal digesta. The phytase had no significant effect on phosphorus precaecal digestibility. There was no significant effect of the both factors, level of NPP, and exogenous phytase on the daily calcium intake, the amount of absorbed calcium, the content of calcium in ileal digesta, and on the precaecal digestibility of calcium. However a significant effect (P < 0.05) of the interaction between NPP and phytase was observed on the amount of absorbed calcium and on the precaecal digestibility coefficient. It can be concluded that the estimation of phosphorus ileal digestibility depends on the level of dietary phosphorus.

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Eggshell structure, measurements, and quality-affecting factors in laying hens: a review

Cited by 135 publications

References 68 publications

Quality of Eggs and Albumen Technological Properties as Affected by Hermetia Illucens Larvae Meal in Hens’ Diet and Hen Age

Quality of Eggs and Albumen Technological Properties as Affected by Hermetia Illucens Larvae Meal in Hens’ Diet and Hen Age

Effect of housing system and age of laying hens on eggshell quality, microbial contamination, and penetration of microorganisms into eggs

Effect of suboptimal levels of non-phytate phosphorus and exogenous phytase on precaecal digestibility of phosphorus and calcium in laying hens

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