Eggshell membrane powder lowers plasma triglyceride and liver total cholesterol by modulating gut microbiota and accelerating lipid metabolism in high‐fat diet‐fed mice

Abstract

Obesity is a major global lifestyle disorder associated with gut microbiota. The health benefits of eggshell membrane (ESM) have been shown in previous reports, particularly as regards gut microbiota composition. Here, we investigated whether ESM improves lipid metabolism and alters gut microbiota in high‐fat diet‐fed mice. A total of 20 C57BL/6J mice aged 6 weeks were given either a control diet (CON), high‐fat diet (HFD), or high‐fat diet + 8% ESM powder (HESM) for 20 weeks. ESM supplementation in HFD‐fed mice reduced plasma triglycerides (TG) and liver total cholesterol (TC) and upregulated the expression of lipid metabolism genes carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1A and suppressor of cytokine signaling 2. Microbiota analysis showed increased relative abundance of the anti‐obesity bacterium, Lactobacillus reuteri, at 4, 12, and 16 weeks and reduced the abundance of inflammation‐related Blautia hydrogenotrophica, Roseburia faecis, and Ruminococcus callidus at 12 and 20 weeks. ESM‐supplemented mice had increased cecal isobutyrate, negatively correlated with B. hydrogenotrophica and Parabacteroides goldsteinii abundance. The results indicate that ESM supplementation in HFD‐fed mice reduced plasma TG and liver TC, possibly through alteration of lipid metabolism gene expression and gut microbiota composition, suggesting that ESM may be effective in obesity management.

Avian Eggshell Membrane as a Novel Biomaterial: A Review

“…At the same time, ESM was also reported to regulate the expansion of Th17 cells by inhibiting the overgrowth of segmented filamentous bacteria. ESM supplementation in high-fat-diet-fed mice also decreased plasma triglycerides and liver total cholesterol by altering lipid metabolism gene expression and modifying the composition of the gut microbiota [ 82 ].…”

Corrigendum

“…In the article by Ramli et al. (2020), the contributions of Yunlin Liu should have been added to the acknowledgement section. The acknowledgement section should read as follows:…”

Effects of Eggshell Membrane on Keratinocyte Differentiation and Skin Aging In Vitro and In Vivo

“…Our previous study indicated that oral supplementation of pESM has several beneficial effects against intestinal inflammation and obesity [ 8 , 9 ]. Taken together, it can be inferred that ESM, a rich source of beneficial bioactive compounds, could improve several diseases and the aging process of the skin.…”

“…However, as ESM is rich in fibrous protein, collagen, hyaluronic acid, chondroitin sulfate and glucosamine [ 7 ], it is possible to utilize ESM as a functional bioactive compound in health science. Previous studies indicated that oral supplementation of ESM is safe and has an anti-inflammatory and anti-obese effect in rodents [ 8 , 9 , 10 ]. Given that inflammation is closely linked with skin health along with the fact that collagen peptides have a positive effect against skin aging [ 4 ], we hypothesized that ESM supplementation could improve skin aging and health.…”