Eggshell-Graphene Oxide Layer as Membrane Filtration for Removal Methylene Blue in Waste Water

Abstract

Eggshell (ES) membrane is a semipermeable membrane that is insoluble in water and has a high surface area. We modified ES membranes with graphene oxide (GO) using self-assembled technique and used it to remove dye pollutants such as methylene blue (MB) in water. The ES membranes were obtained from fresh eggs that have been removed from albumen and yolk, then immersed in 15% acetic acid for 30 minutes. The ES membranes were immersed in 0.5 mg/mL dispersed GO and ultrasonicated for 3 hours. The modified ES-GO membrane was then used to filter 5 mg/L MB solutions. Filtration of MB solution was performed by pouring the solution over the ES-GO membrane with a help of constant pressure of 45 psi. We found that the modified ES-GO membrane could filter MB up to 33.53% and reduce MB concentration from 4.91 mg/L to 3.53 mg/L. The result of membrane permeability is 2.488 x10−3 darcy and the flow rate of the filtration is relatively constant about 4 mL/s.

Characteristics of PVA/GO Composite Membranes Prepared Using Solution Casting Technique for Reducing Methylene Blue Concentration

“…When the operating pressure increases, the permeate flow discharge will increase, so the permeability of the membrane will have a fixed value even if the membrane is operated at different pressures. When compared with the results of previous studies, the permeability value of the PVA/GO composite membrane produced in this study and operated at 45 psi was 2.23×10 -3 Darcy, while the ES-GO permeability of membrane previously studied at pressure of 45 psi was 2,488×10 -3 Darcy [3]. The PVA/GO composite membrane produced in this study has the same permeability as ES-GO membrane, but in thickness are different.…”

“…Furthermore, it has been also reported that the ES membranes can be modified using other materials such as graphene oxide (GO) and used as a membrane filtration. The presence of GO in the ES-GO composite membrane with a thickness of 70 μm has improved its performance in reducing MB content in water by 33.53% [3]. The limited size of the ES membrane makes it difficult to be manufactured in a large scale.…”

“…One of membrane parameters is a permeability that measure an ability of membrane to pass a molecule through the membrane. It has been reported that an ES-GO membrane with a thickness of 70 μm used as a filtration membrane to filter MB at an operating pressure of 45 psi, has a permeability of 2,488×10 -3 Darcy [3]. In this work, we prepared PVA/GO composite membranes using solution casting method, measured its morphology, structure, and thermal property and measured its permeability as filtration membrane.…”