Eggerthella lenta bacteremia successfully treated with ceftizoxime: case report and review of the literature

Jiang, Shuming; Jianfei, E; Wang, Gangli; Zou, Yanjiao; Liu, Xiao; Xiao, Hualiang; Wen, Yuan; Chen, Zongyao

doi:10.1186/s40001-021-00582-y

Cited by 14 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Eggerthella lenta was detected in 6 patients of whom 2 suffered complications. It is anaerobic, non-sporulating, Gram positive and part of the normal human microflora ( Jiang et al., 2021 ). E. lenta has been described to cause appendicitis ( Jiang et al., 2020 ; Jiang et al., 2021 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial pathogens in pediatric appendicitis: a comprehensive retrospective study

Felber,

Gross,

Rahrisch

et al. 2023

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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BackgroundAppendicitis is a frequent condition, with peak incidences in the second decade of life. Its pathogenesis is under debate, but bacterial infections are crucial, and antibiotic treatment remains essential. Rare bacteria are accused of causing complications, and various calculated antibiotics are propagated, yet there is no comprehensive microbiological analysis of pediatric appendicitis. Here we review different pre-analytic pathways, identify rare and common bacterial pathogens and their antibiotic resistances, correlate clinical courses, and evaluate standard calculated antibiotics in a large pediatric cohort.MethodWe reviewed 579 patient records and microbiological results of intraoperative swabs in standard Amies agar media or fluid samples after appendectomies for appendicitis between May 2011 and April 2019. Bacteria were cultured and identified via VITEK 2 or MALDI-TOF MS. Minimal inhibitory concentrations were reevaluated according to EUCAST 2022. Results were correlated to clinical courses.ResultsOf 579 analyzed patients, in 372 patients we got 1330 bacterial growths with resistograms. 1259 times, bacteria could be identified to species level. 102 different bacteria could be cultivated. 49% of catarrhal and 52% of phlegmonous appendices resulted in bacterial growth. In gangrenous appendicitis, only 38% remained sterile, while this number reduced to 4% after perforation. Many fluid samples remained sterile even when unsterile swabs had been taken simultaneously. 40 common enteral genera were responsible for 76.5% of bacterial identifications in 96.8% of patients. However, 69 rare bacteria were found in 187 patients without specifically elevated risk for complications.ConclusionAmies agar gel swabs performed superior to fluid samples and should be a standard in appendectomies. Even catarrhal appendices were only sterile in 51%, which is interesting in view of a possible viral cause. According to our resistograms, the best in vitro antibiotic was imipenem with 88.4% susceptible strains, followed by piperacillin-tazobactam, cefuroxime with metronidazole, and ampicillin-sulbactam to which only 21.6% of bacteria were susceptible. Bacterial growths and higher resistances correlate to an elevated risk of complications. Rare bacteria are found in many patients, but there is no specific consequence regarding antibiotic susceptibility, clinical course, or complications. Prospective, comprehensive studies are needed to further elicit pediatric appendicitis microbiology and antibiotic treatment.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial pathogens in pediatric appendicitis: a comprehensive retrospective study

Felber,

Gross,

Rahrisch

et al. 2023

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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“…Eggerthella is a component of normal human microflora. Imbalances in its abundance are related to various diseases [ 44 ]. Eggerthella abundance is comparatively higher in patients with OP [ 45 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut microbial community and fecal metabolomic signatures in different types of osteoporosis animal models

Qiao,

Li,

Wang

et al. 2024

Aging

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Background: The gut microbiota (GM) constitutes a critical factor in the maintenance of physiological homeostasis. Numerous studies have empirically demonstrated that the GM is closely associated with the onset and progression of osteoporosis (OP). Nevertheless, the characteristics of the GM and its metabolites related to different forms of OP are poorly understood. In the present study, we examined the changes in the GM and its metabolites associated with various types of OP as well as the correlations among them. Methods: We simultaneously established rat postmenopausal, disuse-induced, and glucocorticoid-induced OP models. We used micro-CT and histological analyses to observe bone microstructure, three-point bending tests to measure bone strength, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to evaluate the biochemical markers of bone turnover in the three rat OP models and the control. We applied 16s rDNA to analyze GM abundance and employed untargeted metabolomics to identify fecal metabolites in all four treatment groups. We implemented multi-omics methods to explore the relationships among OP, the GM, and its metabolites. Results: The 16S rDNA sequencing revealed that both the abundance and alterations of the GM significantly differed among the OP groups. In the postmenopausal OP model, the bacterial genera g__Bacteroidetes_unclassified, g__Firmicutes_unclassified, and g__Eggerthella had changed. In the disuse-induced and glucocorticoid-induced OP models, g__Akkermansia and g__Rothia changed, respectively. Untargeted metabolomics disclosed that the GM-derived metabolites significantly differed among the OP types. However, a Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis showed that it was mainly metabolites implicated in lipid and amino acid metabolism that were altered in all cases. An association analysis indicated that the histidine metabolism intermediate 4-(β-acetylaminoethyl) imidazole was common to all OP forms and was strongly correlated with all bone metabolism-related bacterial genera. Hence, 4-(β-acetylaminoethyl) imidazole might play a vital role in OP onset and progression. Conclusions: The present work revealed the alterations in the GM and its metabolites that are associated with OP. It also disclosed the changes in the GM that are characteristic of each type of OP. Future research should endeavor to determine the causal and regulatory effects of the GM and the metabolites typical of each form of OP.

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“…в большем количестве выделена у детей от матерей с ГСД ДТ, чем в КГ (р=0,029). Известно, что Eggerthella (тип Actinobacteria) связана с липидным обменом человека, является нормальным представителем пристеночной микробиоты, но у людей с ослабленным иммунитетом способна вызывать бактериемии и участвовать в смешанных инфекциях, что может приводить к хроническому воспалению слизистой кишечника и нарушениям со стороны метаболической системы организма [12,13]. Coprococcus catus в большем количестве выделена у детей от матерей с ГСД ИТ, чем в КГ (р=0,045).…”

Section: виды микроорганизмов гсд ит N=33 гсд дт N=42 кг N=30unclassified

Gut microbiome as predictor of metabolic syndrome in young children born to mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus

Харитонова

Mayatskaya

Затевалов

2023

jour

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Relevance. The article presents the results of research of intestinal microbiocenosis in young children born from mothers with gestational diabetes. Indicators of functional activity of intestinal microbiome in the studied cohort of children are presented. The article forces the attention of specialists to the possibility of influence of the biochemically altered microbiome of the intestine on metabolism and health of the child in general.Research objective. To improve the early diagnosis of intestinal microecology disorders in children born to mothers with gestational diabetes by studying the species composition and state of functional activity of intestinal microbiome.Material and methods. Intestinal microbiome study (MK) conducted in 105 children aged 1–3, of whom 33 children from mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus insulin therapy (GDМ IT), 42 children from mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus on diet therapy (GDМ DT), 30 children from mothers without GDМ (control group — СG). To this end, methods were used: a standard stool study for dysbacteriosis, a functional state of intestinal microflora to determine the concentration of short-chain fatty acids (SHFA) by gas-liquid chromatography of acidified stool supernatant. Estimation of quantitative distribution of the main types of intestinal microorganisms in children of the studied groups using the method of sequencing 16s rRnk of bacteria. The measure of intestinal dysbiosis was the biodiversity of the microbial community, which in biology is quantified by the Shannon index, corresponds to the number of microbial species in the intestine microbial community and is calculated by the formula: = - ∑ 2= 1, where =∑ = 1The normalized Shannon index has a range of values from 0 to 1, which is suitable for interpreting the state of microbiome. The results were statistically processed using Statistica 8.0. and MS Office Excel 2010.Results and discussion. The NGS method of stool sequencing identified the distribution of types of microorganisms in the intestine: in the GDМ IT, GDМ DT and CG Actinobacteria and Firmicutes are the dominant types of bacteria, which is a regular distribution for the microbial community at this age. But in order for bacteria not to realize their pathogenic properties, it is important their intraspecific representation and relationship. It has been found that in children born to mothers with GDМ in general, there is a tendency to decrease the representation of Actinobacteria relative to Firmicutes, in contrast to CG. This may indicate an imbalance within the microbiome of the intestine in children from mothers with GDМ and lead to dysbiosis. So Actinobacteria, which are representatives of MK in the norm, in children from mothers with GDМ IT are represented in a reliably lower range of values than in children from CG (p=0,033). And in children from mothers with DSS DT Firmicutes are represented in greater quantities than in CG (p=0,039).The predominance of these bacteria in old age plays a crucial role in the development of metabolic disorders. According to this study, it has been found that children of GDМ mothers generally have a reasonably higher degree of MK biodiversity than children with GDS. Thus, in the group of GDМ IT 9 dominant types of micro- organisms were identified, in the group of GDМ DT — 7 species, in CG — 3 species. At the same time, children from mothers with GDМ IT have an increased representation of saprophyte flora (Clostridium hiranonis (р=0,023), Actinomyces spp. (р=0,023) and some representatives of resident fl ora (Coprococcus catus (р=0,045), Veillonellaceae (р=0,04) и Blautia producta (р=0,049)) compared to CG, which may indicate a competitive environment for pathogens, but also do not exclude the possibility of adverse changes in the body’s immune system. Children from mothers with GDМ DT found an increase in the level of Cl. hiranonis, compared to CG (p=0,041), as well as members of the genus Eggerthella (p=0,029) involved in mixed infections, which can lead to chronic inflammation of the intestine mucous and disorders of the body’s metabolic system. Revealed changes in MK in young children from mothers with GDМ are accompanied by peculiarities of metabolic activity. In children from mothers with GDМ IT and GDМ DT metabolic activity did not differ reliably. But the total level of SHFA characteristic for a well-functioning microbiota is more common in children in GDМ IT — 29 (88.0%) than in CG — 18 (60.0%), p=0.036. Also, children with GDМ mothers generally have metabolic pathways similar to those found in MK in children of CG, but have strong correlation and pathogenic types of bacteria. Probably, despite dysbiosis, there is the formation of compensatory metabolic pathways between the MK and the host organism. But these processes can not be called stable, because the MK children of these groups can manage their species and size without the participation of macroorganism.Conclusion. The composition of the MC for young children born to GDМ mothers in general diff ers reliably from the MC for CG children and is dysbiotic.In children born to GDМ mothers, MK is represented mainly by opportunistic and pathogenic bacteria. In the group of GDМ IT indigenic microflora is stronger.Metabolic activity of MK in this cohort of children is high, but is achieved due to the activity of both individual and saprophytic fl ora, which in the future may lead to the breakdown of compensatory mechanisms and the start of metabolic disorders in the child.

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Eggerthella lenta bacteremia successfully treated with ceftizoxime: case report and review of the literature

Cited by 14 publications

References 28 publications

Bacterial pathogens in pediatric appendicitis: a comprehensive retrospective study

Bacterial pathogens in pediatric appendicitis: a comprehensive retrospective study

Gut microbial community and fecal metabolomic signatures in different types of osteoporosis animal models

Gut microbiome as predictor of metabolic syndrome in young children born to mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus

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