Egg size, embryonic development time and ovoviviparity in <i>Drosophila</i> species

Markow, Therese A.; Beall, Stephen; Matzkin, Luciano M.

doi:10.1111/j.1420-9101.2008.01649.x

Cited by 129 publications

(175 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…(Sarikaya et al, 2012;Hodin and Riddiford, 2000) and in this study. These numbers also correspond with previously reported numbers for average ovariole number in this species (Markow et al, 2009 Ancestral state reconstruction of ovariole number across members of the genus Drosophila. Maximum likelihood values are indicated in boxes at nodes.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…1) (Markow and O'Grady, 2007). One hypothesis for the adaptive significance of lower ovariole number may be its positive correlation with larger egg size that often accompanies ecological specialization in Drosophila and other flies (Kambysellis et al, 1995;Markow et al, 2009;Rkha et al, 1997), and could potentially lead to higher hatching rates or larval fitness (Azevedo et al, 1997). We show that similar TF cell numbers and therefore similar ovariole numbers are achieved in these lineages by changes in very different developmental processes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 70%

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Convergent evolution of a reproductive trait through distinct developmental mechanisms in Drosophila

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2012

Developmental Biology

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Convergent morphologies often arise due to similar selective pressures in independent lineages. It is poorly understood whether the same or different developmental genetic mechanisms underlie such convergence. Here we show that independent evolution of a reproductive trait, ovariole number, has resulted from changes in distinct developmental mechanisms, each of which may have a different underlying genetic basis in Drosophila. Ovariole number in Drosophila is species-specific, highly variable, and largely under genetic control. Convergent changes in Drosophila ovariole number have evolved independently within and between species. We previously showed that the number of a specific ovarian cell type, terminal filament (TF) cells, determines ovariole number. Here we examine TF cell development in different Drosophila lineages that independently evolved a significantly lower ovariole number than the D. melanogaster Oregon R strain. We show that in these Drosophila lineages, reduction in ovariole number occurs primarily through variations in one of two different developmental mechanisms: (1) reduced number of somatic gonad precursors (SGP cells) specified during embryogenesis; or (2) alterations of somatic gonad cell morphogenesis and differentiation in larval life. Mutations in the D. melanogaster Insulin Receptor (InR) alter SGP cell number but not ovarian morphogenesis, while targeted loss of function of bric-à-brac 2 (bab2) affects morphogenesis without changing SGP cell number. Thus, evolution can produce similar ovariole numbers through distinct developmental mechanisms, likely controlled by different genetic mechanisms.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 70%

Convergent evolution of a reproductive trait through distinct developmental mechanisms in Drosophila

Green

Extavour

2012

Developmental Biology

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“…Eggs produced by female Drosophila vary in size depending on species [38], populations within species [39] and temperature [40,41]. In D. melanogaster, large eggs are advantageous, as they increase embryonic viability and larval development rate [42].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Male genotype influences female reproductive investment in Drosophila melanogaster

et al. 2010

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In many species, males can influence the amount of resources their mates invest in reproduction. Two favoured hypotheses for this observation are that females assess male quality during courtship or copulation and alter their investment in offspring accordingly, or that males manipulate females to invest heavily in offspring produced soon after mating. Here, we examined whether there is genetic variation for males to influence female short-term reproductive investment in Drosophila melanogaster, a species with strong sexual selection and substantial sexual conflict. We measured the fecundity and egg size of females mated to males from multiple isofemale lines collected from populations around the globe. Although these traits were not strongly influenced by the male's population of origin, we found that 22 per cent of the variation in female short-term reproductive investment was attributable to the genotype of her mate. This is the first direct evidence that male D. melanogaster vary genetically in their proximate influence on female fecundity, egg size and overall reproductive investment.

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“…Resistant and susceptible females were housed with either resistant or susceptible males and allowed to oviposit freely for 18 h (before eggs would begin to hatch [28]). Eggs were then counted, and a maximum of 10 eggs per female were haphazardly selected and transferred to fresh media at a density of five eggs per vial (two females did not lay any eggs and were excluded from analyses).…”

Section: (D) Female Fitness Assays (I) Offspring Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intralocus sexual conflict and insecticide resistance

Hawkes¹,

Gamble²,

Turner³

et al. 2016

Proc. R. Soc. B.

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The BA allele of the Drosophila cytochrome P450 gene Cyp6g1 confers resistance to a range of insecticides. It is also subject to intralocus sexual conflict when introgressed into the Canton-S background, whose collection predates the widespread use of insecticides. In this genetic background, the allele confers a pleiotropic fitness benefit to females but a cost to males, and exhibits little sexual dimorphism in conferred insecticide resistance. It is unclear whether these sexually antagonistic effects also exist in current populations that have naturally evolved with insecticides, where genetic modifiers that offset male costs might be expected to evolve. Here, we explore these issues using Drosophila melanogaster caught recently from an Australian population in which the BA allele naturally segregates. While we find increased fecundity in insecticide-resistant BA females and no consistent evidence of fitness costs in males, experimental evolution indicates balancing selection at the locus. We suggest that this apparent discrepancy may be due to reduced investment in reproduction in resistant males. Our results at the population level are consistent with previous work, and suggest that individual-level fitness assays do not always capture sexually antagonistic fitness effects that emerge in a population context.

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Egg size, embryonic development time and ovoviviparity in Drosophila species

Cited by 129 publications

References 23 publications

Convergent evolution of a reproductive trait through distinct developmental mechanisms in Drosophila

Convergent evolution of a reproductive trait through distinct developmental mechanisms in Drosophila

Male genotype influences female reproductive investment in Drosophila melanogaster

Intralocus sexual conflict and insecticide resistance

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