EGF-conjugated bio-safe luteolin gold nanoparticles induce cellular toxicity and cell death mediated by site-specific rapid uptake in human triple negative breast cancer cells

Tackling breast cancer with gold nanoparticles: twinning synthesis and particle engineering with efficacy

“…Apart from all the physical methods discussed above, ultrasound mediated synthesis, 26 UV-induced photochemical reduction 31 or laser ablation techniques 29 are also employed for the synthesis of AuNPs. Microwave 53 and solvothermal reduction of HAuCl 4 (ref.…”

“… 401 One of our previous studies with luteolin tagged AuNPs goes in line with the difference in toxicity with respect to variable cell lines as the non-targeted nanosystem produced toxicity against TNBC cells while remained biocompatible with fibroblast cells (NIH-3T3). 26 …”

“…25 The acceptance of AuNPs in clinical applications is further intensied due to their safety towards normal cells. 26 However, although bulk gold acts as a noble metal, AuNPs do exhibit toxicities in different systems depending on their size and shape, particle engineering, dosage, route of administration, exposure time etc. Increased cellular uptake and low biodistribution oen lead to long term toxicity, which is considered to be a major hurdle for nano-gold formulations.…”

“… 25 The acceptance of AuNPs in clinical applications is further intensified due to their safety towards normal cells. 26 …”

Luteolin, a flavone ingredient: Anticancer mechanisms, combined medication strategy, pharmacokinetics, clinical trials, and pharmaceutical researches

“…As expected, a rapid localization of targeted nanoparticles in the nucleus of cancer cells and significant apoptosis inductive effect were observed. In general, the project depicts an innovative idea of luteolin‐conjugated gold nanoparticles as targeted therapeutics anti‐TNBC (Mal et al, 2023). Supramolecular assembly of natural products based on noncovalent interactions is an extensive exploration approach for formulating various biomaterials, which these supramolecular biological nanomaterials demonstrated admirable stability, biocompatibility, and programmable functionality by comparison with non‐assembled molecules.…”