EGF and TGF-α stimulate retinal neuroepithelial cell proliferation in vitro

Anchan, Raymond M.; Reh, Thomas A.; Angello, John C.; Balliet, Arthur G.; Walker, Macie B.

doi:10.1016/0896-6273(91)90233-p

Cited by 274 publications

(136 citation statements)

References 51 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

133

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Several previous studies have shown that EGF and related ligands can stimulate proliferation of retinal progenitors (Anchan and Reh, 1995;Anchan et al, 1991;Lillien, 1995;Lillien and Cepko, 1992;Lillien and Wancio, 1998). Retinal progenitors express EGFR (Anchan et al, 1991;Lillien, 1995;) and the level of receptor expression and response to EGF increases in late-staged retinal progenitors, when compared with progenitors from early embryonic stages of development (Anchan and Reh, 1995;Anchan et al, 1991;Lillien, 1995;Lillien and Cepko, 1992). Given the high level of mitotic stimulation caused by EGF in these earlier studies, it is somewhat surprising that we find the loss of this receptor causes a relatively minor phenotype.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…TGFa (Anchan et al, 1991) is expressed throughout the period of retinal histogenesis, and both TGFa (Fassio et al, 1989) and heparin binding epidermal growth factor (HB-EGF) are expressed in the mature retina. HB-EGF is mitogenic for M€ uller glia (Hollborn et al, 2005;Milenkovic et al, 2004), and is upregulated in patients with proliferative vitreoretinopathy (Hollborn et al, 2005).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous studies have shown that EGF and related ligands can stimulate proliferation of retinal progenitors in vitro (Anchan and Reh, 1995;Anchan et al, 1991;Lillien, 1995;Lillien and Cepko, 1992;Lillien and Wancio, 1998). To determine whether EGFR is required to maintain normal levels of proliferation in vivo, we analyzed the retinas of neonatal mice deficient in the receptor (Threadgill et al, 1995).…”

Section: Egfr-deficient Mice Demonstrate a Decrease In Retinal Prolifmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, we have recently shown that transforming growth factor b 2 (TGFb2) is expressed in the postnatal retina, and inhibits progenitor and glial proliferation in vitro and in vivo (Close et al, 2005). Fibroblast growth factor (FGF), epidermal growth factor (EGF), transforming growth factor a (TGFa), transforming growth factor b 3 (TGFb3), and sonic hedgehog (Shh) have all previously been shown to promote retinal progenitor and/or glial proliferation in vitro (Anchan and Reh, 1995;Anchan et al, 1991;Jensen and Wallace, 1997;Levine et al, 1997;Lillien and Cepko, 1992;Moshiri and Reh, 2004;Wang et al, 2002). Some of these factors, such as FGF and Shh, have also proven to be mitogenic in vivo (Fischer and Reh, 2002;Fischer et al, 2002a,b;Wang et al, 2002;Wang et al, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Epidermal growth factor receptor expression regulates proliferation in the postnatal rat retina

Liu

Gümüşçü

et al. 2006

Glia

Self Cite

107

121

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Epidermal growth factor (EGF) is known to promote proliferation of both retinal progenitors and Muller glia in vitro, but several questions remain concerning an in vivo role for this factor. In this study, we investigated whether the EGF receptor (EGFR) is necessary for the maintenance of normal levels of progenitor and Muller glial proliferation in vivo. Here, we show that (1) mice with homozygous deletion of the Egfr gene have reduced proliferation in late stages of retinal histogenesis, (2) EGF is mitogenic for M€ uller glia in vivo during the first two postnatal weeks in the rodent retina, (3) the effectiveness of EGF as a M€ uller glial mitogen declines in parallel with the decline in EGFR expression as the retina matures, and (4) following damage to the retina from continuous light exposure, EGFR expression is upregulated in M€ uller glia to levels close to those in the neonatal retina, resulting in a renewed mitotic response to EGF. Together with previous results from other studies, these data indicate that the downregulation of a growth factor receptor is one mechanism by which glial cells maintain mitotic quiescence in the mature nervous system. V V C 2006 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Egfr-deficient Mice Demonstrate a Decrease In Retinal Prolifmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Epidermal growth factor receptor expression regulates proliferation in the postnatal rat retina

Liu

Gümüşçü

et al. 2006

Glia

Self Cite

107

121

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…To test the effects of hedgehog proteins in the developing rat retina, we used a dissociated cell culture system that supports both the proliferation of retinal progenitor cells and the differentiation of retinal neurons (Reh and K ljavin, 1989;Anchan et al, 1991;Reh, 1992a,b;Kelley et al, 1994). Previous work in our lab and in others has shown that embryonic and neonatal rat retinal cells cultured at high density, either as cell pellets or on glass coverslips, developed at nearly normal rates (Reh and Kljavin, 1989;Watanabe and Raff, 1990;Anchan et al, 1991;Altshuler et al, 1993;Kelley et al, 1994Kelley et al, , 1995.…”

Section: Abstract: Sonic Hedgehog; Indian Hedgehog; Desert Hedgehog;mentioning

confidence: 99%

Sonic Hedgehog Promotes Rod Photoreceptor Differentiation in Mammalian Retinal CellsIn Vitro

et al. 1997

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The hedgehog gene family encodes secreted proteins important in many developmental patterning events in both vertebrates and invertebrates. In the Drosophila eye disk, hedgehog controls the progression of photoreceptor differentiation in the morphogenetic furrow. To investigate whether hedgehog proteins are also involved in the development of the vertebrate retina at stages of photoreceptor differentiation, we analyzed expression of the three known vertebrate hedgehog genes. We found that Sonic hedgehog and Desert hedgehog are expressed in the developing retina, albeit at very low levels, whereas Indian hedgehog (Ihh) is expressed in the developing and mature retinal pigmented epithelium, beginning at embryonic day 13. To determine whether hedgehog proteins have activities on developing retinal cells, we used an in vitro system in which much of retinal histogenesis is recapitulated. N-terminal recombinant Sonic Hedgehog protein (SHH-N) was added to rat retinal cultures for 3-12 d, and the numbers of retinal cells of various phenotypes were analyzed by immunohistochemistry. We found that SHH-N caused a transient increase in the number of retinal progenitor cells, and a 2-to 10-fold increase in the number of photoreceptors differentiating in the cultures when analyzed with three different photoreceptor-specific antigens. In contrast, the numbers of retinal ganglion cells and amacrine cells were similar to those in control cultures. These results show that Hedgehog proteins can regulate mitogenesis and photoreceptor differentiation in the vertebrate retina, and Ihh is a candidate factor from the pigmented epithelium to promote retinal progenitor proliferation and photoreceptor differentiation.

show abstract