EFIKASI INSEKTISIDA NABATI EKSTRAK DAUN Tephrosia vogelii Hook. TERHADAP Crocidolomia pavonana (F.) dan Plutella xylostella (L.) SERTA PENGARUHNYA PADA Diadegma semiclausum (Hellen)

Abstract

[EFICATION OF BOTANICAL INSECTICIDE OF Tephrosia vogelii Hook. f. LEAF EXTRACT AGAINTS Crocidolomia pavonana (F.) AND Plutella xylostella (L.) AND ITS EFFECT TO Diadegma semiclausum (Hellen)]. The active fraction of hexane extract of Tephrosia vogelii (Tv) leaves was evaluated for this insecticidal activity on second-instar larvae of Crocidolomia pavonana and Plutella xylostella as well as for the safety to the adults of Diadegma semiclausum parasitoid. Fraction (fr) 2-4 of Tv from column chromatography (CC) had strong insecticidal activity on C. pavonana and P. xylostella. In the test with C. pavonana, the fraction was more active by feeding than by contact. Based on LC 50 at 72 hours since treatment (HST), fr 2-4 CC Tv was 1.8 times more toxic to P. xylostella than to C. pavonana. The fr 2-4 CC Tv showed strong antifeedant effect against C. pavonana larvae. At equal test concentrations, the treatment with fr 2-4 CC Tv caused much lower mortality in D. semiclausum parasitoid adults than in its host larvae, P. xylostella. In contrast, an organophosphate profenofos, included in this study as a positive control, was much more detrimental to D. semiclausum than to P. xylostella. In the semifield experiment, fr 2-4 CC Tv had comparable effect with profenofos and bioinsecticide Bacillus thuringiensis in reducing the population of C. pavonana larvae on broccoli plants.

Nanoemulsion concept to improve bioinsecticide using citronella grass distillation waste and Spiked pepper

“…This compound enters as a contact poison by entering the insect's body through the insect's natural opening. After entering the body, the piperamide compound will work as a neurotoxin by inhibiting the flow of nerve impulses in the axons, resulting in movement disorders and spasms, which can eventually lead to death [26].…”

AKTIVITAS FORMULASI PESTISIDA NABATI PADA SIPUT SETENGAH TELANJANG Parmarion martensi (GASTROPODA: ARIOPHANTIDAE)

“…Senyawa sitronela bersifat menarik (atractan) (Septerina, 2002). Senyawa aktif yang terkandung pada insektisida nabati akan mengganggu sistem saraf dan menimbulkan reaksi ketertarikan P. martensi pada pakan, sementara itu di dalam tubuh P. martensi pestisida mengganggu sistem pencernaan, sehingga menyebabkan kematian (Zarkani, 2008 ).…”

Effect of forest betel leaf extract (Piper aduncum L.) from various altitudes on the mortality of fall armyworm (S. frugiperda J.E. Smith) in the laboratory

“…Active compounds contained in piperaceae plants, such as piperine, piperidine, piperlongumin, and guininsin, are included in the piperamide group [10]. According to [11], piperamide group compounds enter as contact poisons through natural holes in insects. Piperamide compounds will work as nerve toxins by disrupting nerve impulses in nerve axons [12].…”