Abstract:A bactéria Xylella fastidiosa coloniza os vasos do xilema dos seus hospedeiros, bloqueando o movimento da água e nutrientes, afetando a produção. Até o momento, o manejo adequado do cafezal, desde o plantio, com o uso de mudas isentas da bactéria e o controle das cigarrinhas vetoras, são medidas que atenuam a incidência da doença. A poda é uma prática importante para a otimização da produção do cafezal, e o tipo de poda depende da cultivar e do ambiente, usando-se podas tradicionais ou drásticas. Neste trabalh… Show more
“…Furthermore, it can encourage the growth of new, uninfected branches. This method has already been tested on oleanders [80], citrus [81], coffee [82], grapevine [83,84], almond trees [85], and olive trees [15]. However, according to Bucci et al, there is no conclusive evidence of the effect of pruning on containing any of the diseases caused by Xf [86].…”
Xylella fastidiosa (Xf) is classified as a quarantine pest due to its consequences on economically significant crops. Its main form of transmission in Europe is through the insect Philaenus spumarius. Due to climate change, the populations of insect vectors have become more extensive, resulting in the dissemination of the bacteria over longer periods, but the destruction of these insects raises issues due to their role in nature. Upon infection, Xf causes the occlusion of xylem vessels via bacterial aggregates and tylosis production by the plant as a response to infection. Although symptomatic manifestations of Xf are often linked to water stress, a variety of plant species have been found to carry the pathogen without symptoms, making it all too easy to evade detection when relying on visual inspections. Beyond water stress, other conditions (individual plant resistance/tolerance, bacterial concentrations, transpiration rates, and interactions between subspecies) may be implicated in symptom development. A thorough understanding of how this disease develops, especially its capacity to spread from the initial focus and establish a systemic infection, is imperative. This review focuses on the Xf infection process, the development of symptoms, its spread within Portugal, and the actions that have been taken to counter it.
“…Furthermore, it can encourage the growth of new, uninfected branches. This method has already been tested on oleanders [80], citrus [81], coffee [82], grapevine [83,84], almond trees [85], and olive trees [15]. However, according to Bucci et al, there is no conclusive evidence of the effect of pruning on containing any of the diseases caused by Xf [86].…”
Xylella fastidiosa (Xf) is classified as a quarantine pest due to its consequences on economically significant crops. Its main form of transmission in Europe is through the insect Philaenus spumarius. Due to climate change, the populations of insect vectors have become more extensive, resulting in the dissemination of the bacteria over longer periods, but the destruction of these insects raises issues due to their role in nature. Upon infection, Xf causes the occlusion of xylem vessels via bacterial aggregates and tylosis production by the plant as a response to infection. Although symptomatic manifestations of Xf are often linked to water stress, a variety of plant species have been found to carry the pathogen without symptoms, making it all too easy to evade detection when relying on visual inspections. Beyond water stress, other conditions (individual plant resistance/tolerance, bacterial concentrations, transpiration rates, and interactions between subspecies) may be implicated in symptom development. A thorough understanding of how this disease develops, especially its capacity to spread from the initial focus and establish a systemic infection, is imperative. This review focuses on the Xf infection process, the development of symptoms, its spread within Portugal, and the actions that have been taken to counter it.
“…A few reports conducted under field conditions in the Brazilian state of São Paulo indicate variation in the level of infection among C. arabica cultivars, C. liberica varieties and their interspecific hybrids. For instance, it was observed that Acaiá IAC 474‐19 was less severely affected by the disease than Catuaí Vermelho IAC 81 in Campinas (Queiroz‐Voltan et al ., ); cultivars Catuaí and Mundo Novo showed more disease severity than other commercial cultivars in Mococa, particularly during rainy periods (Queiroz‐Voltan et al ., ). Accessions of C. liberica var.…”
Section: Coffee Leaf Scorchmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Chemical treatment in areas with history of the disease usually involves preventive application of copper-based compounds alone or in mixtures with mancozeb (and insecticides in the case of X. fastidiosa) sometimes in alternation with kasugamycin (Zambolim et al, 2005;Patr ıcio et al, 2010;Patr ıcio & Oliveira, 2014). In the case of X. fastidiosa, severe pruning has also been proposed as an efficient alternative to control the disease (Queiroz-Voltan et al, 2006;Rocha et al, 2010b).…”
Coffee is a very important crop for several tropical countries across different continents. The diseases bacterial halo blight (BHB), bacterial leaf spot (BLS), bacterial leaf blight (BLB) and coffee leaf scorch (CLS), caused by the bacterial pathogens Pseudomonas syringae pv. garcae (Psgc), P. syringae pv. tabaci (Psta), Pseudomonas cichorii (Pch) and Xylella fastidiosa subsp. pauca (Xfp), respectively, cause significant reductions in coffee production, although other minor bacterial diseases have also been reported in some countries. Little research progress has been made on aspects that are relevant for control and management of these diseases. In all cases, there is an urgent need to develop rapid and more reliable methods for early detection of the pathogens in order to minimize their negative impact on coffee production. Because of the high rate of intra‐ and intersubspecific recombination occurring in X. fastidiosa, a permanent revision of the detection methods is necessary. Greater efforts should be made to understand the genetic and virulence diversity of Psgc, Psta and Pch populations. Early studies reported the identification of potential sources of resistance against Psgc and Psta, but, to date, no resistance gene has been isolated. Little effort has been made to understand the biology and molecular mechanisms underlying the interaction between Coffea spp. and these pathogenic bacteria. This review discusses the recent progress on the molecular mechanisms used by these bacteria to cause diseases on other plant species, in order to provide a guideline for the establishment of future research programmes.
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