Effort–reward imbalance in police work: associations with the cortisol awakening response

Fekedulegn, Desta; Gu, Ja K.; Allison, Penelope; Mnatsakanova, Anna; Tinney-Zara, Cathy; Andrew, Michael E.

doi:10.1007/s00420-018-1300-0

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 54 publications

(66 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Elevated ERI was found to be linked to a significant decrease in peak, average, and total cortisol production among Buffalo, New York, police officers. 26 A very recent study found similar outcomes in a broader population sample. 27 Effort-reward imbalance has been linked to increased risk of depression (odds ratio [OR] 1.49; 1.23-1.80, P < .001) in a meta-analysis of 8 cohort studies involving almost 85,000 subjects.…”

Section: Scope and Impact Of Physician Burnoutmentioning

confidence: 78%

Physician Stress and Burnout

Yates¹

2020

The American Journal of Medicine

218

188

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Tens (or hundreds) of thousands of Americans die each year as a result of preventable medical errors. Changes in the practice and business of medicine have caused some to question whether burnout among physicians and other healthcare providers may adversely affect patient outcomes. A clear consensus supports the contention that burnout affects patients, albeit with low-quality objective data. The psychological and physical impact on physicians and other providers is quite clear, however, and the impact on the physician workforce (where large shortages are projected) is yet another cause for concern. We have all heard the airplane safety announcement remind us to "Please put on your own oxygen mask first before assisting others." Unfortunately, like many airline passengers (very few of whom use oxygen masks correctly when they are needed), physicians often do not recognize symptoms of burnout or depression, and even less often do they seek help. We detail the causes and consequences of physician burnout and propose solutions to increase physician work satisfaction.

show abstract

Section: Scope and Impact Of Physician Burnoutmentioning

confidence: 78%

Physician Stress and Burnout

Yates¹

2020

The American Journal of Medicine

218

188

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In the context of public health emergencies, working conditions and stress-related factors are among the most important determinants of mental health status among public health workers facing demanding work. The effort–reward imbalance model (ERI) is commonly used in research on work stress and working conditions in many professional populations, such as nurses [ 16 ], teachers [ 17 , 18 ], police officers [ 19 ] and doctors [ 20 ]. Additionally, the ERI model has been widely used to predict many stress-related physical and psychological disorders, such as hypertension [ 21 , 22 ], depression [ 16 , 23 ] and anxiety [ 16 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of mental health problems and associated factors among front-line public health workers during the COVID-19 pandemic in China: an effort–reward imbalance model-informed study

Zhang

Wang

et al. 2021

BMC Psychol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Poor mental health status and associated risk factors of public health workers have been overlooked during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study used the effort–reward imbalance model to investigate the association between work-stress characteristics (effort, over-commitment, reward) and mental health problems (anxiety and depression) among front-line public health workers during the COVID-19 pandemic in China. Methods A total of 4850 valid online questionnaires were collected through a self- constructed sociodemographic questionnaire, the adapted ERI questionnaire, the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) and the 7-item General Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-7). Hierarchical logistic regression analysis was conducted to investigate the association between ERI factors and mental health problems (i.e., depression and anxiety), with reward treated as a potential moderator in such associations. Results The data showed that effort and over-commitment were positively associated with depression and anxiety, while reward was negatively associated with depression and anxiety. Development and job acceptance were the two dimensions of reward buffered the harmful effect of effort/over-commitment on depression and anxiety, whereas esteem was non-significant. Conclusions This study confirmed the harmful effects of effort and over-commitment on mental health among public health workers during the COVID-19 pandemic in China. Such effects could be alleviated through an appropriate reward system, especially the development and job acceptance dimensions of such a system. These findings highlight the importance of establishing an emergency reward system, comprising reasonable work-allocation mechanism, bonuses and honorary titles, a continuous education system and better career-development opportunities.

show abstract

“…A cross-sectional study [ 22 ] used self-reported questionnaires and pathognomonic clinical signs (trigger finger, Finkelstein’s test, Maudsley’s test, Hoffman–Tinel sign, and Phalen’s test) to evaluate upper extremity pain with different results; however, they also concluded that the questionnaire approach gives a good picture of the upper extremity locations with the possibility that the questionnaire can also underestimate severity. In addition, job-related stress in workplace has been accurately assessed by biological markers including saliva and urinary cortisol secretion, which are triggered by the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis under stress and results in cortisol secretions intended to regain homeostasis [ 28 , 29 ]. Further research is needed to verify job-related stress levels by ERI compared to assessment by biological markers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Job-related stress associated with work-related upper extremity musculoskeletal disorders (UEMDs) in municipal waste collectors: the moderation and mediation effect of job support

Yang

Huang

Lin

et al. 2022

BMC Musculoskelet Disord

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Since the policy of “keeping trash off of the ground” in Taiwan, long-term exposure to repetitive motion in waste collection process results in high risk of upper extremity musculoskeletal disorders (UEMDs). Thus, we assessed the moderation and mediation effects of job-related stress and job support on work-related UEMDs among municipal waste collectors. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in two cities located at northern Taiwan during 2018–2019. 626 municipal waste collectors voluntarily participated and anonymously filled out a structured questionnaire. The moderation and mediation effects of effort-reward imbalance (ERI) and social support on UEMDs were analyzed by Haye’s Process Macro Model. Results Prevalence of UEMDs in municipal waste collectors were 43.4% for neck, 56.0% for shoulder, 24.1% for upper back, and 33.1% for hand/wrist. There was high prevalence of shoulder (72.2%), neck (48%), and upper back (30%) in female workers compared to male, most significantly in shoulders. In univariate and multivariate analysis, high ERI and low job support were significantly associated with ORs of 3.11 (95% CI:1.58–6.13) for elbow, 2.79 (95% CI:1.39–5.56) for shoulder, 3.39 (95% CI:1.64–7.00) for upper back and 3.83 (95% CI:1.98–7.41) for hand/wrist. Prevalent UEMDs were positively associated with high ERI in municipal waste collectors but negatively with job support. The moderation effects of ERI and job support on UEMDs, of which the measured synergy index exceeded one, were 18.24 for shoulder, 3.32 for elbow, and 2.45 for hand/wrist, but mediation effects were not significant. Conclusions This study found municipal waste collectors with work-related upper extremity disorders were significantly associated with work-related psychological risk factors. Therefore, waste collection cannot only to be improved by semi-automatic and automatic processes but immediate intervention programs for the reduction of psychological risk factors is needed promptly.

show abstract

Effort–reward imbalance in police work: associations with the cortisol awakening response

Abstract: ERI was inversely associated with the magnitude of awakening cortisol over time, indicating HPA axis dysregulation and potential future health outcomes.

Cited by 7 publications

References 54 publications

Physician Stress and Burnout

Physician Stress and Burnout

Prevalence of mental health problems and associated factors among front-line public health workers during the COVID-19 pandemic in China: an effort–reward imbalance model-informed study

Job-related stress associated with work-related upper extremity musculoskeletal disorders (UEMDs) in municipal waste collectors: the moderation and mediation effect of job support

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About