The Pureballast system,
based on photocatalytic technology, can
purify ships’ ballast water. However, the efficiency of photocatalytic
sterilization still needs to be improved due to the shortcomings of
the photocatalyst itself and the complex components of seawater. In
this work, a tandem reaction of electrocatalytic synthesis and photocatalytic
decomposition of hydrogen peroxide (H
2
O
2
) was
constructed for the inactivation of marine microorganisms. Using seawater
and air as raw materials, electrocatalytic synthesis of H
2
O
2
by commercial carbon black can avoid the risk of large-scale
storage and transportation of H
2
O
2
on ships.
In addition, boron doping can improve the photocatalytic decomposition
performance of H
2
O
2
by g-C
3
N
4
. Experimental results show that constructing the tandem reaction
is effective, inactivating 99.7% of marine bacteria within 1 h. The
sterilization efficiency is significantly higher than that of the
single way of electrocatalysis (52.8%) or photocatalysis (56.9%).
Consequently, we analyzed the reasons for boron doping to enhance
the efficiency of g-C
3
N
4
decomposition of H
2
O
2
based on experiments and first principles. The
results showed that boron doping could significantly enhance not only
the transfer kinetics of photogenerated electrons but also the adsorption
capacity of H
2
O
2
. This work can provide some
reference for the photocatalytic technology study of ballast water
treatment.