This chapter addresses the question how to verify distributed and communicating systems in an effective way from an explicit process algebraic standpoint. This means that all calculations are based on the axioms and principles of the process algebras. The first step towards such verifications is to extend process algebra (ACP) with equational data types which adds required expressive power to describe distributed systems. Subsequently, linear process operators, invariants, the cones and foci method, the composition of many similar parallel processes, and the use of confluence are explained, as means to verify increasingly complex systems. As illustration, verifications of the serial line interface protocol (SLIP) and the IEEE 1394 tree identify protocol are included.