Efficient use of nitrogen in agriculture

Rütting, Tobias; Aronsson, Helena; Delin, Sofia

doi:10.1007/s10705-017-9900-8

Cited by 128 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…To increase nitrogen-use efficiency, primary measures should include improvement in soil rootability to increase rot growth (Rutting et al 2018). Strategies to enhance soil rootability and increase nutrient uptake include the following:…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, in tropical soil containing very low levels of free iron and organic carbon, the rootable soil volume may be decreased during drying soil impairing nutrient uptake (Moura et al 2018). Therefore, the inefficiency of nitrogen use, beyond having a negative economic impact, contributes to agriculture disservices by greenhouse gas emissions and pollution of groundwater (Rutting et al 2018). Thus, nitrogen uptake that is impaired in conditions of both high rainfall (by nitrogen removal) and low rainfall (by reduced root growth in hardsetting soil.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ecosystem services for intensification of agriculture, with emphasis on increased nitrogen ecological use efficiency

et al. 2020

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In weathered tropical soil, low nutrient use efficiency can lead to agricultural systems becoming unsustainable. Therefore, tropical agriculture is highly dependent on ecosystem services, such as nutrient recycling and carbon sequestration, to enhance soil fertility, increase nutrient uptake, and facilitate sustainable production of agricultural goods. This research aimed to find the balance between sustainability and profitability of tropical agriculture by evaluating the changes in soil caused by the ecosystem services provided by the biomass of leguminous trees (Gliricidia) and assessing how these changes (associated with potassium) can affect nitrogen‐use efficiency and maize yield. An experiment was conducted testing the impact of Glircidia biomass addition vs. bare soil, with or without addition of both nitrogen and/or potassium. Changes in soil organic matter, (SOM) base cations sum, soil resistance, N uptake, N‐use efficiency, and maize yield were evaluated. Gliricidia biomass, when used with N and K, contributed to increasing SOM by 5.0 g/kg and the sum of base cations by 1458. 65 kg/ha in the 0–30 cm layer. Moreover, grain yield was increased by approximately 70% in the treatments with Gliricidia when compared to treatments without biomass where yield was very low. In bare soil, the additional yield of 1.5 tons/ha would not be enough to convince farmers to change slash and burn to conventional bare soil systems. Our results showed that leguminous trees, such as Gliricidia, might contribute to ensuring sustainable agricultural intensification in humid tropical soils with low natural fertility by providing ecosystem services such as biomass production, carbon sequestration, base cation recycling, and increased N acquisition. These findings might be an important strategy to replace the common slash‐and‐burn‐system and preserve the rainforest against the traditional shifting cultivation system. In contrast, the conventional system with bare soil showed that the addition of nitrogen was unfeasible, mainly in conditions of high rainfall precipitation. In these circumstances, the use of potassium may increase nitrogen‐use efficiency only when biomass is not used.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecosystem services for intensification of agriculture, with emphasis on increased nitrogen ecological use efficiency

et al. 2020

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“…Unused N leaches into groundwater and therefore endangers the quality of drinking water. Furthermore, polluted groundwater drains into rivers and lakes, contributing to the eutrophication of these water bodies [2]. extensively investigated with hyperspectral remote sensing on the field [22,27,28,31,32] and airplane level [25,27,30], while derivation of CHL from UAV-based hyperspectral data is relatively rare due to it being fairly new technology.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-Resolution UAV-Based Hyperspectral Imagery for LAI and Chlorophyll Estimations from Wheat for Yield Prediction

et al. 2018

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The efficient use of nitrogen fertilizer is a crucial problem in modern agriculture. Fertilization has to be minimized to reduce environmental impacts but done so optimally without negatively affecting yield. In June 2017, a controlled experiment with eight different nitrogen treatments was applied to winter wheat plants and investigated with the UAV-based hyperspectral pushbroom camera Resonon Pika-L (400-1000 nm). The system, in combination with an accurate inertial measurement unit (IMU) and precise gimbal, was very stable and capable of acquiring hyperspectral imagery of high spectral and spatial quality. Additionally, in situ measurements of 48 samples (leaf area index (LAI), chlorophyll (CHL), and reflectance spectra) were taken in the field, which were equally distributed across the different nitrogen treatments. These measurements were used to predict grain yield, since the parameter itself had no direct effect on the spectral reflection of plants. Therefore, we present an indirect approach based on LAI and chlorophyll estimations from the acquired hyperspectral image data using partial least-squares regression (PLSR). The resulting models showed a reliable predictability for these parameters (R 2 LAI = 0.79, RMSE LAI [m 2 m −2 ] = 0.18, R 2 CHL = 0.77, RMSE CHL [µg cm −2 ] = 7.02). The LAI and CHL predictions were used afterwards to calibrate a multiple linear regression model to estimate grain yield (R 2 yield = 0.88, RMSE yield [dt ha −1 ] = 4.18). With this model, a pixel-wise prediction of the hyperspectral image was performed. The resulting yield estimates were validated and opposed to the different nitrogen treatments, which revealed that, above a certain amount of applied nitrogen, further fertilization does not necessarily lead to larger yield.From the farmer's perspective, the most important economic parameter is achieved yields. An overdose of N fertilizer, within the legal limits, results higher costs without adding value in terms of additional yield. Further possible regulations for the application of fertilizers should only have a limited negative impact on yields. With controlled experiments, directly comparing the harvested yield resulting from different N applications, one can identify the effects of reduced fertilization. Moreover, new concepts of monitoring these effects during vegetative growth enables the development of precision farming applications, especially created for efficient N fertilization [3].Remote sensing technology at various scales has often proved to be a suitable tool for agricultural crop monitoring [4]. In particular, UAV-supported remote sensing enables very precise monitoring of individual areas through lower flight altitudes and high-resolution data [5]. In recent years, the development of UAV-based hyperspectral recording systems has made rapid progress [6]. In comparison to manned aircraft based systems, the sensors are smaller, lighter, and less costly during acquisition and processing [7]. The great potential of this technology has been demonstrated [8].Hyper...

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“…The high prices of PA, complexity of eroded landscape and small fields may create some difficulties. Precision fertilization with organic fertilizers is also difficult because organic fertilizers are not as well defined and predictable as the mineral ones [Rütting et al 2018] and create technical problems with precise application on various parts of the field.…”

Section: Differentiation Of Profile Structures Together Withmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variability of Soil Properties in Eroded Agricultural Landscape

Wysocka-Czubaszek¹

2020

J. Ecol. Eng.

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Erosion strongly influences the soil properties and affects the intra-field variation of nutrients not only in steep young morainic landscapes but also on gentle slopes of old-glacial landscapes. The aim of the study was the evaluation of changes in the plant-available nutrient contents in the complex old-glacial eroded landscape of the Bielska Plain in the northeastern part of Poland. The soil samples were collected from the soil profiles located along the transect beginning on the flat summit of the kame hummock extending through south-facing convex slope, the toeslope and footslope and further through the north-facing uniform slope. The content of plant-available forms of phosphorus (P dl) and potassium (K dl) and mineral forms of nitrogen (NH 4-N and NO 3-N) were determined in every soil profile. The soils located in various landscape positions were characterized with different fertility. In the soil located on the toeslope the content of NO 3-N, P dl and K dl was high, while the soil located on the summit was rich in NH 4-N and poor in the plant-available forms of K and P. The erosional distribution of plant-available N, P and K enhances the variation of nutrient content within one field and contributes to high variability of crops.

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Efficient use of nitrogen in agriculture

Cited by 128 publications

References 32 publications

Ecosystem services for intensification of agriculture, with emphasis on increased nitrogen ecological use efficiency

Ecosystem services for intensification of agriculture, with emphasis on increased nitrogen ecological use efficiency

High-Resolution UAV-Based Hyperspectral Imagery for LAI and Chlorophyll Estimations from Wheat for Yield Prediction

Variability of Soil Properties in Eroded Agricultural Landscape

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