Efficient technologies for carwash wastewater treatment: a systematic review

Sarmadi, Mohammad; Foroughi, Maryam; Saleh, Hossein Najafi; Sanaei, Daryoush; Zarei, Amin Allah; Ghahrchi, Mina; Bazrafshan, Edris

doi:10.1007/s11356-020-09741-w

Cited by 27 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…However, within the limits of the parameters (BOD, COD, TDS, TSS, and OG) in the wastewater, it appears that the current levels of TDS had little effect on the removal of parameters examined in this study [18]. However, relative to other studies, the filter system developed, proved to be very effective in producing treated water of high quality and could be reused for car washing safely [8] - [12].…”

Section: Og Removalmentioning

confidence: 48%

“…The estimated costs of water usage and disposal for each car-washing facility are $37000 and $4000 respectively [2]. Therefore, considerable amount of research has been directed towards exploring methods and techniques to recycle and reuse the wastewater from car-washing to augment the high consumption of fresh water and reduce the operational cost [8] - [12]. Wide range of technologies, from simple to very complex, are widely used now to treat and recycle the wastewater.…”

Section: Astesj Issn: 2415-6698mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Recycling and Reuse of Wastewater Generated in Car-Washing Facilities

Elgaali¹,

Akram²

2021

Adv. sci. technol. eng. syst. j.

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Fresh water is already scarce in the world, especially in the Middle East (ME). Desalination industry is the main supplier of the potable water to the municipalities in the ME region. It is well known the high cost of a liter of water produced by the desalination process. Unfortunately, car-washing service consumes substantial amount of this desalinated water. This paper describes a filtration system designed and tested for treatment and reuse of the wastewater generated in car-washing stations. The filtration system assembled from two filters: (1) sand and gravel mix, and (2) activated carbon. The paper is an extension of work originally presented in ASET conference in Dubai. The quality of the effluent (treated wastewater) was investigated and determined in Dubai central laboratories. Wastewater samples were grabbed from different car service stations. Representative samples were prepared and the concentrations of the following parameters were measured in each sample of the effluent: (1) Biological oxygen demand (BOD), (2) Chemical oxygen demand (COD), (3) Total dissolved solids (TDS), (4) Total suspended solids (TSS), and (5) Oil and grease (OG). The results show that the filter system removes the BOD and COD at an efficiency as high as 97.5%, the TSS at 90%, and the TDS and OG at 85.5%. In general, the quality of the effluent was found to fall within the standards set by Dubai regulatory authorities. Further research is recommended to enhance the filtration system performance and make it commercially applicable.

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Section: Og Removalmentioning

confidence: 48%

Section: Astesj Issn: 2415-6698mentioning

confidence: 99%

Recycling and Reuse of Wastewater Generated in Car-Washing Facilities

Elgaali¹,

Akram²

2021

Adv. sci. technol. eng. syst. j.

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“…Moreover, to investigate the ratedetermining steps for the kinetics of adsorption, the intraparticle diffusion, Bangham, and Boyd models were studied. The affinity of the DB-perovskite/CAg for the adsorption of CV and AY17 was obtained by measuring the distribution coefficient (K d ) that was calculated from the experimental data of various initial concentrations (C 0 ) using eqn (2).…”

Section: Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The removal of organic dyes from industrial wastewater has been a challenging issue since they are highly toxic, with an annual production rate of 700 000 metric tons. 1,2 A variety of industries, such as cosmetics, paint, paper, and textile, release a significant amount of dyes into wastewater annually. Textile industries are the primary source of dye pollution, with over 140 000 tons of annual discharged dyes worldwide.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of a novel perovskite-carbon aerogel hybrid adsorbent with multiple metal-Lewis active sites for the removal of dyes from water: experimental and DFT studies

et al. 2023

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“…Due to the diversity of CWW contaminants, it is better to use an integrated method for its treatment. Research has shown that chemical methods, especially the coagulation and oxidation process, play an essential role in most combined CWW treatment methods (Sarmadi et al 2020). However, considering the characteristics of wastewater and the ability of each treatment method is efficient in integrated system to achieve the desired efficiency.…”

Section: Integrated Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carwash wastewater treatment using the chemical processes

Panchal

Tripathy

Prakash

et al. 2021

Water Science and Technology

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Carwash is known as one of the most important urban services bring about production of huge volume of wastewater with high turbidity and high chemical oxygen demand (COD). Seasonal and carwash location features affect the quality of carwash wastewater. Various methods with special focus on chemical processes have been employed for carwash wastewater treatment and eliminating different pollutants from this wastewater of great concern for the environment. This review was conducted for identifying and comparing the efficiency of chemical processes for carwash wastewater treatment. To this aim, key words were identified and a search protocol was defined to search studies in three databases: Scopus, Web of Science, and PubMed. The results of this systematic review indicated that coagulation (66%) is the most common chemical processes for carwash wastewater treatment. Although chemical processes are able to reduce the turbidity and COD over 80%. Due to the characteristics of carwash wastewater, chemical processes are a necessary pre-treatment for processes such as membrane technology. Rapid treatment and high efficiency are the advantages of wastewater treatment by chemical methods, but the energy consumption and sludge volume are two main factors in selection the chemical processes for carwash wastewater treatment.

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Efficient technologies for carwash wastewater treatment: a systematic review

Cited by 27 publications

References 73 publications

Recycling and Reuse of Wastewater Generated in Car-Washing Facilities

Recycling and Reuse of Wastewater Generated in Car-Washing Facilities

Synthesis of a novel perovskite-carbon aerogel hybrid adsorbent with multiple metal-Lewis active sites for the removal of dyes from water: experimental and DFT studies

Carwash wastewater treatment using the chemical processes

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