Efficient single-photon counting at 155 µm by means of frequency upconversion

Albotǎ, Marius A.; Wong, Franco N. C.

doi:10.1364/ol.29.001449

Cited by 296 publications

(229 citation statements)

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“…SHG, however, cannot be used for faint nonclassical states. In 2004, frequency up-conversion of single photons was achieved via nondegenerate sumfrequency generation [19] and used to increase the detection efficiency in quantum key distribution [20]. In [21] the nonclassical correlation between an up-converted photon and a reference photon was verified.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Quantum Up-Conversion of Squeezed Vacuum States from 1550 to 532 nm

et al. 2014

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Squeezed vacuum states constitute a particularly useful resource in quantum information as well as in quantum metrology. The frequency conversion of these states is important to provide the bridge between different wavelengths within a sequence of downstream applications and also to provide a way for squeezed-state generation at so-far inaccessible wavelengths. Here we demonstrate the external quantum up-conversion of carrier-light-free squeezed vacuum states for the first time. Our result proves that nondegenerate sum-frequency generation preserves the coherences that are present between photon pairs and higher-order photon pairs of the squeezed input state. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.112.073602 PACS numbers: 42.50.Dv, 03.67.-a, 07.60.Ly, 42.65.-k Frequency conversion constitutes a standard process for light fields in coherent states and mixtures thereof. Via frequency conversion, laser radiation can be shifted to wavelength regimes that are not directly accessible via state-of-the-art laser media. In particular, frequency upconversion is of high interest to increase the resolution in imaging and lithography [1] and to increase the sensitivity in phase measurements [2]. For light in nonclassical states, the task of frequency conversion is much more challenging. First, nonlinear processes are the more efficient the higher the light intensities, but the most practical and useful nonclassical states are extremely faint, for instance Fock states, squeezed vacuum states and superpositions of (dim) coherent states. Second, in order to preserve the distinct nonclassical properties of the input states high conversion efficiencies of ideally close to unity are mandatory.Optical fields in squeezed vacuum states consist of pairs and higher-order pairs of photons. The coherences between them give rise to a squeezed photon counting noise in a balanced homodyne detector. These states have been used for the realization of teleportation [3,4], superpositions of coherent states (Schrödinger kitten states) [5,6], and quantum key distribution [7,8], as well as quantum enhancements of spectroscopy [9], imaging [10,11], and weak-force measurements such as those performed in gravitationalwave detectors [12][13][14][15]. The absence of any bright carrier field makes squeezed vacuum states ideal for quantum communication and metrology since photon-phonon scattering from the carrier field (Brillouin scattering) easily spoils the squeezed vacuum states in the audio-and radiofrequency sideband [16,17].With their pioneering work in 1992, Huang and Kumar demonstrated quantum frequency conversion of a bright beam maintaining its nonclassical intensity correlation with another bright beam via second-harmonic generation (SHG) [18]. SHG, however, cannot be used for faint nonclassical states. In 2004, frequency up-conversion of single photons was achieved via nondegenerate sumfrequency generation [19] and used to increase the detection efficiency in quantum key distribution [20]. In [21] the nonclassical correlation between an up-converted p...

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confidence: 99%

“…We thus go beyond single-photon conversion [19][20][21]. With appropriate input states our setup is able to up-convert superpositions of coherent states with negative Wigner functions [5,6] as well as Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen entangled states [3,4].…”

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confidence: 99%

Quantum Up-Conversion of Squeezed Vacuum States from 1550 to 532 nm

et al. 2014

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“…During our program we developed highlyefficient upconverters using both continuous-wave pumping of bulk nonlinear crystals and pulsed pumping of nonlinear-crystal waveguides. In particular, in our bulk-crystal experiments we demonstrated 90%-efficient frequency upconversion from 1550 nm to 633 nm at the single-photon level [46]. Sum-frequency generation in bulk PPLN using a strong pump at 1064 nm in a ring cavity converted input single photons at 1550 nm to output single photons at 633 nm.…”

Section: Quantum-state Frequency Conversionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Quantum Information Technology: Entanglement, Teleportation, and Memory

Shapiro¹

2005

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Public Reporting Burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Send comment regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggesstions for reducing this burden, to Washington Headquarters Services, Directorate for Information Operations and Reports, 1215 The abstract is below since many authors do not follow the 200 V. Giovannetti, S. Lloyd, L. Maccone, and F.N.C. Wong, "Clock synchronization with dispersion cancellation," Phys. Rev. Lett. 87, 117902 (2001).V. Giovannetti, L. Maccone, J.H. Shapiro, and F.N.C. Wong, "Generating entangled two-photon states with coincident frequencies," Phys. Rev. Lett. 88, 183602 (2002).C.E. Kuklewicz, E. Keskiner, F.N.C. Wong, and J.H. Shapiro, "A high-flux entanglement source based on a doubly-resonant optical parametric amplifier," J. Opt. B: Quantum and Semiclass. Opt. 4, S162-S168 ( J. E. Sharping, M. Fiorentino, and P. Kumar, "Observations of twin-beams type quantum correlation in optical fiber," Opt. Lett. 26, 367-369 (2001 X. Li, P. L. Voss, J. E. Sharping, and P. Kumar, "Optical-fiber source of polarization-entangled photons in the 1550 nm telecom band," Physical Review Letters 94, 053601 (2005).X. Li, P. L. Voss, J. Chen, K. F. Lee, and P. Kumar, "Measurement of co-and cross-polarized Raman spectra in silica fiber for small detunings," Optics Express, 13, 2236-2244 (2005).X. Li, P. L. Voss, J. Chen, J. E. Sharping, and P. Kumar, "Storage and long-distance distribution of telecommunications-band polarization entanglement generated in an optical fiber," Optics Letters, Vol. 30, No. 10, 2005, pp. 1201-1203 V. Giovannetti, S. Guha, S. Lloyd, L. Maccone, J. H. Shapiro, and H. P. Yuen, "Classical Capacity of the lossy bosonic channel: the exact solution '', Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 027902 (2004).S. Lloyd, V. Giovannetti, and L. Maccone, "Physical limits to communication '', Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 100501 (2004). M. Raginsky, "Almost any quantum spin system with short-range interactions can support toric codes," Phys. Lett. A 294, 153-157 (2002).

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“…For LOQC and quantum key distribution applications, telecommunication-wavelength photons at 1.55 µm can then be efficiently detected with low-noise, high quantum-efficiency Si APDs. Recently, upconversion of single photons from 1.55 to 0.63 µm in bulk periodically poled lithium niobate (PPLN) has been demonstrated with an efficiency of 90%, (56) limited only by the available continuous wave (CW) pump power at 1.06 µm, see Fig. 6.…”

Section: Frequency Upconversionmentioning

confidence: 99%