Efficient removal of indigo dye by using sulfonated poly (ether ether ketone) (sPEEK), montmorillonite (MMT) and sPEEK-MMT composites as novel adsorbent

Development of multilayer PVA-MMT and PVA-CS film structures by spin coating-assisted layer-by-layer technique: Effect of PVA, CS and MMT nanoclay orientation on oxygen barrier properties

“…This suggests the presence of exfoliated layers of MMT dispersed in the PVA matrix [71]. In general, the intercalation of PVA chains between the MMT clay interlayers increases the interlayer spacing, leading to a displacement of the diffraction peak towards lower angle values [72,69,73,74,75]. When PVA is combined with MMT in quadrilayer film structure, the main peak of neat PVA at 2θ = 19.45° is slightly shifted to higher characteristic angles (2θ = 19.86° for 0.5wt.% MMT and 2θ = 19.70° for 5.0wt.% MMT), which corresponds to a decrease of interlayer spacing from 0.454 nm to 0.443 nm and 0.446 nm, respectively.…”

“…In the range of 2θ between 5°-10°, the neat PVA spectrum does not show any diffraction peak compared to MMT, which shows a peak at 2 θ = 8.22° attributed to the crystallographic plane (001) [67,68]. According to the Bragg's law (nλ = 2dsin θ), this peak allows to determine the d-spacing (d 001 ) between the ordered layers of the (001) plane of MMT in the PVA-MMT film structure (d 001 =1.050 nm) [69,70]. For the quadri-layer PVA-MMT film with 5.0 wt.% MMT, this peak shifted slightly to smaller angles (2θ = 8.04°) corresponding to an interlayer spacing (d 001 ) of 1.109 nm.…”

Review and Perspectives of Sulfonated Poly(ether ether ketone) Proton Exchange Membrane for Vanadium Flow Batteries

“…Zero-dimensional fillers mainly refer to nanoparticles, such as some metal oxides (SiO 2 , TiO 2 , Al 2 O 3 , ZrO 2 , and SnO 2 ), 116−121 clay (montmorillonite), 122 and perovskite, 123 etc. Their morphology is isotropic, characterized by being able to uniformly disperse into the polymer matrix, increasing the hydrophilic ion domain by inducing the aggregation of sulfonic acid groups within the membrane, and significantly optimizing the water environment and proton transport sites within the membrane.…”

“…Zero-dimensional fillers mainly refer to nanoparticles, such as some metal oxides (SiO 2 , TiO 2 , Al 2 O 3 , ZrO 2 , and SnO 2 ), − clay (montmorillonite), and perovskite, etc. Their morphology is isotropic, characterized by being able to uniformly disperse into the polymer matrix, increasing the hydrophilic ion domain by inducing the aggregation of sulfonic acid groups within the membrane, and significantly optimizing the water environment and proton transport sites within the membrane. , One-dimensional fillers mainly include nanofibers, nanorods, and nanotubes such as carbon nanotubes (CNTs), halloysite nanotubes (HNTs), zirconium dioxide nanotubes (ZrNTS), etc. − These uniformly dispersed one-dimensional fillers in the polymer matrix can be used as the carriers for providing continuous proton transport channels and greatly promote the rapid transfer of protons due to their high aspect ratio.…”

Ultrasonic-Assisted Rapid Preparation of Sulfonated Polyether Ether Ketone (PEEK) and Its Testing in Adsorption of Cationic Species from Aqueous Solutions

“…These authors disclosed that the proton conductivity values of the composite membranes achieved higher values than those of the commercial Nafion membrane [ 15 ]. Likewise, recent studies [ 21 , 22 , 23 ] have demonstrated that SPEEK has a significant potential for use as a polymeric adsorbent to remove persistent organic pollutants (synthetic dyes) from aqueous solutions. In this case, SPEEK acts as a functional polymer with reactive sulfonic groups (−SO 3 − ) that can contribute to the retention of organic pollutants by electrostatic interactions (i.e., ion exchange).…”