Efficient Recovery Strategy of Luteolin from Agricultural Waste Peanut Shells and Activity Evaluation of Its Functional Biomolecules

Abstract

Peanut shells (PSs) generated from agricultural waste contain valuable compounds with bioactive properties such as anti-aging, antimicrobial, and antioxidant properties, making it desirable to recycle them as a sustainable resource. The aim of this study is to design an effective luteolin recovery process as the first step of an integrated biorefinery utilizing PSs as raw material. The major extraction variables and their ranges for luteolin recovery from PSs were determined (0–60 °C, 1–5 h, 0–100% MeOH concentration) and a predictive model was derived through a response surface methodology (RSM). Based on the predictive model, the equation determined for the maximal extraction of luteolin at 1 h was as follows: y = –1.8475x + 159.57, and the significant range of variables was as follows: 33.8 °C ≤ temperature (x) ≤ 48.5 °C and 70.0% ≤ MeOH concentration (y) ≤ 97.5%, respectively. High antioxidant and elastase inhibitory activities of PS extracts were confirmed, and these results support their potential to be used as functional materials. In addition, 39.2% of the solid residue after extraction was carbohydrate, which has potential as a carbon source for fermentation. This study provides a useful direction on an integrated biorefinery approach for sustainable agricultural waste valorization.

Phytochemical and Antioxidant Characterization of Extracts from Unexplored Medicinal Plants Salix schwerinii and Salix kochiana

“…The present study highlights the comparable potential of SS as a novel source of salicin (5.06 mg g −1 SS extract). In order to improve the utilization feasibility of SS, a study using statistical methods to determine how best to efficiently recover salicin from SS in an industrial setting could be conducted [28,29], and we are planning that.…”

Improved recovery of mannitol from Saccharina japonica under optimal hot water extraction and application to lactic acid production by Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus

“…Biorefineries, defined as the production of biomaterials from biomass, are a key concept for achieving a circular bioeconomy . For decades, lignocellulosic biomass as a biorefinery feedstock has been the focus of research, such as coconut waste, Citrus peel, persimmon calyx, and peanut shell (Kim et al, 2023;Lee, Kim, Jung, et al, 2023;Nascimento et al, 2023;Santra et al, 2023). In recent years, algal biomass has received attention as renewable feedstocks because of the low economic viability of lignocellulosic biomass and of the several advantages of algal biomass (e.g., rapid growth and sequestering carbon dioxide) (Shin et al, 2023).…”