Efficient Preparation of a Magnetic Helical Carbon Nanomotor for Targeted Anticancer Drug Delivery

Abstract

The applications of nanomotors in the biomedical field have been attracting extensive attention. However, it remains a challenge to fabricate nanomotors in a facile way and effectively load drugs for active targeted therapy. In this work, we combine the microwave heating method and chemical vapor deposition (CVD) to fabricate magnetic helical nanomotors efficiently. The microwave heating method can accelerate intermolecular movement, which converts kinetic energy into heat energy and shortens the preparation time of the catalyst used for carbon nanocoil (CNC) synthesis by 15 times. Fe3O4 nanoparticles are in situ nucleated on the CNC surface by the microwave heating method to fabricate magnetically driven CNC/Fe3O4 nanomotors. In addition, we achieved precise control of the magnetically driven CNC/Fe3O4 nanomotors through remote manipulation of magnetic fields. Anticancer drug doxorubicin (DOX) is then efficiently loaded onto the nanomotors via π–π stacking interactions. Finally, the drug-loaded CNC/Fe3O4@DOX nanomotor can accurately accomplish cell targeting under external magnetic field control. Under short-time irradiation of near-infrared light, DOX can be quickly released onto target cells to effectively kill the cells. More importantly, CNC/Fe3O4@DOX nanomotors allow for single-cell or cell-cluster-targeted anticancer drug delivery, providing a dexterous platform to potentially perform many medically relevant tasks in vivo. The efficient preparation method and application in drug delivery are beneficial for future industrial production and provide inspiration for advanced micro/nanorobotic systems using the CNC as a carrier for a wide range of biomedical applications.

Polysaccharide-Based Micro/Nanomotors for Active Ingredient Delivery in Food

“…To achieve the controllable movement of PMNMs under an external magnetic field, we modified the microtube motors with Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles. The controllable movement of Fe-PMNMs facilitates the targeted transport of bioactive substances . As shown in Figure b, magnetic nanoparticles are assembled at one end of the tube, and under the guidance of a magnet, Fe-PMNMs demonstrate a 360° clockwise rotation.…”

“…The controllable movement of Fe-PMNMs facilitates the targeted transport of bioactive substances. 50 As shown in Figure 2b, magnetic nanoparticles are assembled at one end of the tube, and under the guidance of a magnet, Fe-PMNMs demonstrate a 360°clockwise rotation. Applying different types of magnetic fields around the PMNMs allows for control of their movement state.…”

A novel magnetically guided, oxygen propelled CoPt/Au nanosheet motor in conjugation with a multilayer hollow microcapsule for effective drug delivery and light triggered drug release

“…The development of new technologies is required to facilitate the delivery of pharmaceutical agents across all areas of the body, including those not accessible using traditional drug delivery systems. 1 In recent years, synthetic nanomotors capable of converting chemical or external energy into mechanical motion were shown to have considerable potential for different functions, including water purification, [2][3][4] biosensing, [5][6][7] drug delivery, [8][9][10] nano-surgery 11 and imaging. 12,13 Among these, the significant advancements in targeted drug delivery have been very promising.…”

Review of bubble and magnetically driven catalytic micro/nanomotors: Fabrication and characterization

“…Therefore, various structures with different functions and applications were fabricated. MNMs and other subtypes of them, such as helical MNMs [3], Janus MNMs [4], nanowires [5], and microtubes [5,6], have been successfully fabricated Fig. 1 .…”