Efficient practical method for differential protection of power transformer in the presence of the fault current limiters

Sahebi, Ali; Abyaneh, Hossein Askarian; Sadeghi, S.H.H.; Samet, Haidar; Malik, O.P.

doi:10.1049/gtd2.12937

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 26 publications

(32 reference statements)

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“…However, FCLs cause additional power loss due to an everlasting connection in the distributed system (DS). Moreover, a FCL can decrease fault currents by a percentage between 20% and 50% within the first electrical cycle, utilizing impedance values ranging from 0.2 to 0.4 per unit [47]. A SFCL was used to eliminate this loss due to its zero-resistance characteristics in normal operation, but because of its high cost, it is not recommended [48].…”

Section: Ref Protection Scheme Technological Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Protection Schemes for Electrical Distribution Networks with Green Distributed Generation

Majeed,

Altaie,

Abderrahim

et al. 2023

Energies

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An amalgamation of Green Distributed Generation (GDG) with Distribution Networks (DNs) was developed because its performance became more efficient and sustainable. It increased the challenges in the design and operation of the protection scheme and changed the short circuit current (SCC), voltage profile, power losses, and power flow direction after the GDG penetration. These changes rely on the number, size, location, and environmental influence according to the GDG type. Therefore, many researchers have discussed protection system challenges and presented types of protection approaches to find a robust protection layout for DNs integrated with GDGs to prevent the electrical equipment from being destroyed during abnormal conditions. This paper represents an exhaustive survey of GDG integration with DNs and its effects on protection design challenges. Furthermore, this paper summarizes the modern protection methods and detection technologies, along with their important aspects that have been accessed. One of the important and reliable methods is resetting and coordinating between protection devices (PDs) that operate in the same distribution feeder. This methodology focuses on restricting the main variables and parameters used in the PDs setting after the GDG is embedded to recalculate the suitable setting and coordination. Optimization techniques should be used to find the best setting or location of the protection system in the DNs, in addition to calculating the optimal GDG scale and location. However, international standards are used to specify the suitable equations that satisfy high protection system characteristics to ensure the DNs’ reliability.

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Section: Ref Protection Scheme Technological Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Protection Schemes for Electrical Distribution Networks with Green Distributed Generation

Majeed,

Altaie,

Abderrahim

et al. 2023

Energies

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A power transformer differential protection method based on variational mode decomposition and CNN‐BiLSTM techniques

Afsharisefat,

Jannati,

Shams

2024

IET Generation Trans & Dist

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Power transformers play a critical role in the performance of power systems. This equipment is costly due to significant copper and iron prices and manufacturing costs. Therefore, maintenance and protection of such equipment is essential. Despite its robust performance, maloperation of differential protection (DP) in transformers may cause operational challenges to power system operators. The differential relay may operate incorrectly after the transformer energization leads to an inrush current (IC) and the relay identifies the event as an internal fault, and consequently issues the trip command. The other case of maloperation includes, but not limited to, a moment when the current transformer saturates due to an external fault. In this paper, a novel approach for DP is proposed, that is based on signal processing methods. In this paper, variational mode decomposition (VMD) and the deep neural network are implemented by using the convolutional neural network (CNN) and bi‐directional long short‐term memory (BiLSTM) models. The VMD decomposes differential current signal (DCS) to intrinsic mode functions with corresponding narrow‐band property frequency spectrums, which provides more detailed information about signal characteristics in different frequency bands. At the next stage, an effective feature for the BiLSTM is extracted by the CNN with the convolutional layers to classify events and proper discrimination. Extensive simulations on a 500 MVA transformer in MATLAB demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed protection approach to differentiate ICs from internal and external faults with 99.8% accuracy in less than 1/8th of a power cycle.

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Review of Fault Current Limiting Measures in AC Power Systems

Gan,

Wu,

Lyu

et al. 2023

2023 2nd Asian Conference on Frontiers of Power and Energy (ACFPE)

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Efficient practical method for differential protection of power transformer in the presence of the fault current limiters

Cited by 3 publications

References 26 publications

A Review of Protection Schemes for Electrical Distribution Networks with Green Distributed Generation

A Review of Protection Schemes for Electrical Distribution Networks with Green Distributed Generation

A power transformer differential protection method based on variational mode decomposition and CNN‐BiLSTM techniques

Review of Fault Current Limiting Measures in AC Power Systems

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