Efficient Polymer Solar Cells Based on Poly(3‐hexylthiophene):Indene‐C<sub>70</sub> Bisadduct with a MoO<sub>3</sub> Buffer Layer

Fan, Xi; Cui, Chaohua; Fang, Guojia; Wang, Jinzhao; Li, Songzhan; Cheng, Fei; Long, Hao; Li, Yongfang

doi:10.1002/adfm.201102054

Cited by 95 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…As is well known, PC 71 BM molecules can be dissolved in DIO and CN, whereas polymer molecules cannot. 18 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 9 particle sizes are shown in Fig. 11.…”

Section: Correlation Between the Pc 71 Bm Aggregate Size And The Devimentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Compared to the particles with the 1.5:1.5 additive treatment, it shows smaller particles with a major size of 8-10 nm, leading to the most sufficient interfacial contact of polymer/PC 71 BM. It is worth noting that the 8-10 nm sizes of PC 71 BM particles provides an direct evidence of the desired length scale, which was speculated to be an ideal value for exciton dissociation [16][17][18]. Moreover, the 1:2 binary additives profoundly alters the stack way of the PC 71 BM particles.…”

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confidence: 97%

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Binary Additives Regulate the PC₇₁BM Aggregate Morphology for Highly Efficient Polymer Solar Cells

Fan¹,

Wang

Huang

et al. 2014

ACS Photonics

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We optimized the performance of polymer solar cells (PSCs) based on PBDTTT-C-T:PC 71 BM with the binary solvent additives of 1,8-diiodomethane (DIO) and chloronaphthalene (CN). The power conversion efficiency was significantly improved from 3.44% for the PSC without additives to 7.91% for the PSC with the additives (DIO:CN=1:2). It's attributed to the achievement of highly penetrating PC 71 BM aggregate structures, which have small aggregate particles, and dense and well-packed pathways, inducing a high electron mobility. Our work not only provides an effective method to regulate the PC 71 BM aggregate structures for highly efficient PSC devices, but also indicates an underlying mechanism of the performance enhancement by solvent additives.Polymer solar cells (PSCs) are composed of a photo-active layer of conjugated polymer donor and fullerene derivative (typically PCBM or PC 71 BM) acceptor sandwiched between a transparent indium tin oxide (ITO) anode and a low-work function cathode. The power conversion efficiency (PCE) of PSC devices is sensitive to the polymer/fullerene phase separation morphology in the active layers, because the polymer/fullerene interpenetrating networks in the active layer provide interfaces for exciton dissociation and charge-carrier transport pathway in PSC devices. 1-5 Therefore, recently, it has attracted much attention to improve photovoltaic performance of the PSC devices with every approach, including thermal annealing, solvent annealing, processing additive, and ring substituent on fullerene derivatives, to tune the phase separation morphology. 6-12 Among them, the processing additive is the most commonly-used means of regulating the film morphology at present. However, it still remains challenging. On the one hand, a single additive is limited to control the PCBM (or PC 71 BM) aggregate morphology and the degree of phase separation. When large-domain phase separation occurs, charge recombination will dominate in turn.On the other hand, there is a lack of direct evidence to give an insight into a distinct phase separation evolution, because atomic force microscopy is still a surface technology to characterize the morphology of thin films; whereas traditional transmission electron microscopy (TEM) measurement can't distinctly demonstrate the information regarding the lateral phase segregated morphology of blend layers and PC 71 BM aggregate structures at present, especially in small dimension of below 20 nm, since the organic materials containing only light elements (such as C, H, N, O, and S) show poor contrast between the sub-phases in the TEM. 13,14 Therefore, both new additive recipes and effective characterization methods are urgent needs for the application of the PSC devices.In this work, to enhance greatly the PSC device performance, and to correlate the photovoltaic performance with PC 71 BM aggregate structures, we first performed the optimization of the PSC devices based on PBDTTT-C-T:PC 71 BM with the five treatments of 3% 1,8-diiodomethane (DIO), 3% chloronaphthalen...

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Section: Correlation Between the Pc 71 Bm Aggregate Size And The Devimentioning

confidence: 97%

mentioning

confidence: 97%

Binary Additives Regulate the PC₇₁BM Aggregate Morphology for Highly Efficient Polymer Solar Cells

Fan¹,

Wang

Huang

et al. 2014

ACS Photonics

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“…Furthermore, many other effective approaches have also been employed to improve the PCE of photovoltaic devices, and satisfactory results have been achieved. [9][10][11][12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An efficient photovoltaic device based on novel D–A–D solution-processable small molecules

Dong

Yao

et al. 2014

J Mater Sci

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A series of novel small molecule PHPD, TPAPD, and CZPD were designed and synthesized for probing their potential applications in photovoltaic devices. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) measurement reveals that PHPD displays amorphous property, while both TPAPD and CZPD exhibit crystalline properties. Ultraviolet-Visible (UV-Vis) absorption spectra demonstrate that these small molecules possess relatively broad absorption with absorption edges of 706 nm (PHPD), 671 nm (TPAPD), and 632 nm (CZPD), respectively. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) investigation indicates that the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) energy levels were well tuned (-4.97, -5.24, and -5.38 eV) with the introduction of different electron-donating moieties. The device based on CZPD without further optimization displays the highest power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 2.00 % among three small molecules (1.21 % for TPAPD and 0.28 % for PHPD), which stands out as one of the highest values for photovoltaic devices based on 3-carbazole (CZ) derivatives. This result would uncover the potential applications of 3-carbazole-based donor materials for organic solar cells.

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“…8 Recently, it has been demonstrated experimentally and theoretically that introduction of metal nanostructures in PSC device can result in enhancing light absorption, then increasing short-circuit current (J sc ) and open-circuit voltage (V oc ) by localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR). [9][10][11] Plasmonactive silver (Ag) or Gold (Au) has been widely employed in PSC devices, forming a series of nanostructure arrays to improve device performance. Comparing with Ag, Au has a higher work function and its resonance peaks are around the absorption features of polymer semiconductors.…”

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confidence: 99%

The role of Au nanorods in highly efficient inverted low bandgap polymer solar cells

et al. 2014

Appl. Phys. Lett.

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Efficient Polymer Solar Cells Based on Poly(3‐hexylthiophene):Indene‐C₇₀ Bisadduct with a MoO₃ Buffer Layer

Cited by 95 publications

References 27 publications

Binary Additives Regulate the PC₇₁BM Aggregate Morphology for Highly Efficient Polymer Solar Cells

Binary Additives Regulate the PC₇₁BM Aggregate Morphology for Highly Efficient Polymer Solar Cells

An efficient photovoltaic device based on novel D–A–D solution-processable small molecules

The role of Au nanorods in highly efficient inverted low bandgap polymer solar cells

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Efficient Polymer Solar Cells Based on Poly(3‐hexylthiophene):Indene‐C70 Bisadduct with a MoO3 Buffer Layer

Cited by 95 publications

References 27 publications

Binary Additives Regulate the PC71BM Aggregate Morphology for Highly Efficient Polymer Solar Cells

Binary Additives Regulate the PC71BM Aggregate Morphology for Highly Efficient Polymer Solar Cells

An efficient photovoltaic device based on novel D–A–D solution-processable small molecules

The role of Au nanorods in highly efficient inverted low bandgap polymer solar cells

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Efficient Polymer Solar Cells Based on Poly(3‐hexylthiophene):Indene‐C₇₀ Bisadduct with a MoO₃ Buffer Layer

Binary Additives Regulate the PC₇₁BM Aggregate Morphology for Highly Efficient Polymer Solar Cells

Binary Additives Regulate the PC₇₁BM Aggregate Morphology for Highly Efficient Polymer Solar Cells