Efficient Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting by g-C3N4/TiO2 Nanotube Array Heterostructures

Liu, Changhai; Wang, Fang; Zhang, Jin; Wang, Ke; Qiu, Yangyang; Liang, Qian; Chen, Zhidong

doi:10.1007/s40820-018-0192-6

Cited by 131 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 57 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…A similar concept of heterojunctions of TiO 2 and g-C 3 N 4 has been raised by Liu et al [58] through the anodizing of titanium foil to form TiO 2 nanotube arrays (TNTAs) then decorating with g-C 3 N 4 . For comparison, amorphous TiO 2 , Ti foil without anodic oxidation treatment was also investigated.…”

Section: Graphitic Carbon Nitridementioning

confidence: 86%

“…The pyridinic and quaternary nitrogen atoms act as active sites for chemical reactions, making g-C 3 N 4 a favorable catalyst in water splitting reactions [36]. Considerable work has been done to optimize its performance, such as doping, forming heterojunctions [58,59], metal nanoparticle decoration, and copolymerization. A g-C 3 N 4 powder can be easily synthesized via inexpensive raw materials, such as urea, melamine, dicyandiamide, under high temperatures, further adding to its advantages as a catalyst in water splitting reactions [23,24].…”

Section: Graphitic Carbon Nitridementioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Low Dimensional Carbon-Based Catalysts for Efficient Photocatalytic and Photo/Electrochemical Water Splitting Reactions

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A universal increase in energy consumption and the dependency on fossil fuels have resulted in increasing severity of global warming, thus necessitating the search of new and environment-friendly energy sources. Hydrogen is as one of the energy sources that can resolve the abovementioned problems. Water splitting promotes ecofriendly hydrogen production without the formation of any greenhouse gas. The most common process for hydrogen production is electrolysis, wherein water molecules are separated into hydrogen and oxygen through electrochemical reactions. Solar-energy-induced chemical reactions, including photocatalysis and photoelectrochemistry, have gained considerable attention because of the simplicity of their procedures and use of solar radiation as the energy source. To improve performance of water splitting reactions, the use of catalysts has been widely investigated. For example, the novel-metal catalysts possessing extremely high catalytic properties for various reactions have been considered. However, due to the rarity and high costs of the novel-metal materials, the catalysts were considered unsuitable for universal use. Although other transition-metal-based materials have also been investigated, carbon-based materials, which are obtained from one of the most common elements on Earth, have potential as low-cost, nontoxic, high-performance catalysts for both photo and electrochemical reactions. Because abundancy, simplicity of synthesis routes, and excellent performance are the important factors for catalysts, easy optimization and many variations are possible in carbon-materials, making them more attractive. In particular, low-dimensional carbon materials, such as graphene and graphitic carbon nitride, exhibit excellent performance because of their unique electrical, mechanical, and catalytic properties. In this mini-review, we will discuss the performance of low-dimensional carbon-based materials for water splitting reactions.

show abstract

Section: Graphitic Carbon Nitridementioning

confidence: 86%

Section: Graphitic Carbon Nitridementioning

confidence: 99%

Low Dimensional Carbon-Based Catalysts for Efficient Photocatalytic and Photo/Electrochemical Water Splitting Reactions

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Figure 8c shows the open-circuit photovoltage curves, suggesting the n-type conductivity of all samples [48]. The negative increase in voltage under light irradiation suggested that the photogenerated electrons are injected from the semiconductor film into the Ti substrate [49]. The open-circuit potential has increased with the loading of Ag NPs, while a slight decrease of about 0.03 V has been observed with the addition of rGO in nanotubes and nanorings.…”

Section: Photoelectrochemical Properties and Hydrogen Production Ratesmentioning

confidence: 97%

Electrochemical Fabrication of rGO-embedded Ag-TiO2 Nanoring/Nanotube Arrays for Plasmonic Solar Water Splitting

2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

HIGHLIGHTS• Reduced graphene oxide (rGO) in electrode can weaken the light scattering of plasmonic Ag nanoparticles and promote the hot electrons transfer from Ag nanoparticles to Ti substrate.• A route synergizing rGO with plasmonic Ag on TiO 2 for plasmonic solar water splitting was provided.ABSTRACT Effective utilization of hot electrons generated from the decay of surface plasmon resonance in metal nanoparticles is conductive to improve solar water splitting efficiency. Herein, Ag nanoparticles and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) co-decorated hierarchical TiO 2 nanoring/nanotube arrays (TiO 2 R/T) were facilely fabricated by using two-step electrochemical anodization, electrodeposition, and photoreduction methods. Comparative studies were conducted to elucidate the effects of rGO and Ag on the morphology, photoresponse, charge transfer, and photoelectric properties of TiO 2 . Firstly, scanning electron microscope images confirm that the Ag nanoparticles adhered on TiO 2 R/T and TiO 2 R/T-rGO have similar diameter of 20 nm except for TiO 2 R-rGO/T. Then, the UV-Vis DRS and scatter spectra reveal that the optical property of the Ag-TiO 2 R/T-rGO ternary composite is enhanced, ascribing to the visible light absorption of plasmonic Ag nanoparticles and the weakening effect of rGO on light scattering. Meanwhile, intensity-modulated photocurrent spectroscopy and photoluminescence spectra demonstrate that rGO can promote the hot electrons transfer from Ag nanoparticles to Ti substrate, reducing the photogenerated electronhole recombination. Finally, Ag-TiO 2 R/T-rGO photoanode exhibits high photocurrent density (0.98 mA cm −2 ) and photovoltage (0.90 V), and the stable H 2 evolution rate of 413 μL h −1 cm −2 within 1.5 h under AM 1.5 which exceeds by 1.30 times than that of pristine TiO 2 R/T. In line with the above results, this work provides a reliable route synergizing rGO with plasmonic metal nanoparticles for photocatalysis, in which, rGO presents a broad absorption spectrum and effective photogenerated electrons transfer. TiO 2 nanoring/nanotube arrays rGO flakes Ti substrate e − e − e − h + e − Ag/AgCl electrode Pt electrode H 2 production TiO 2 /Ag/Ag 2 O Electrochemical workstation −7.4 eV −4.2 eV −4.26 eV −4.47 eV −4 −5 −6 −7 −8 −5.98 eV Vacuum E (eV)

show abstract

“…The process of solution coating and subsequent calcination is widely used in the synthesis of core/shell structures [193,[201][202][203]. The coating mainly involves a mixed precursor solution and a simplex salt solution.…”

Section: Type-ii Junctionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current progress in developing metal oxide nanoarrays-based photoanodes for photoelectrochemical water splitting

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Efficient Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting by g-C3N4/TiO2 Nanotube Array Heterostructures

Cited by 131 publications

References 57 publications

Low Dimensional Carbon-Based Catalysts for Efficient Photocatalytic and Photo/Electrochemical Water Splitting Reactions

Low Dimensional Carbon-Based Catalysts for Efficient Photocatalytic and Photo/Electrochemical Water Splitting Reactions

Electrochemical Fabrication of rGO-embedded Ag-TiO2 Nanoring/Nanotube Arrays for Plasmonic Solar Water Splitting

Current progress in developing metal oxide nanoarrays-based photoanodes for photoelectrochemical water splitting

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About