Efficient Phosphate Sequestration in Waters by the Unique Hierarchical 3D Artemia Egg Shell Supported Nano-Mg(OH)₂ Composite and Sequenced Potential Application in Slow Release Fertilizer

Abstract

Artemia nauplii are important bait or food sources in aquaculture, but the egg shells after incubation are always subjected to discarding as natural wastes; therefore, application and utilization of the Artemia egg-shell wastes will be an important issue. Herein, we reported a new hybrid biomaterial by encapsulating nano-Mg­(OH)2 onto discarded Artemia egg shells for phosphate sequestration enhancement. The unique hierarchically 3D-layered structure of Artemia egg shells can endow well-defined nano-Mg­(OH)2 morphology and efficient phosphate adsorption performances. The results of the final hybrid biomaterial exhibit a wide pH dependent sorption process, strong affinity toward phosphate removal, and large sorption capacity. Moreover, the exhausted adsorbent shell–Mg-P can be further utilized as slow-release fertilizer without regular chemical regeneration. The efficient slow-release behaviors of phosphorus onto Shell–Mg–P for 30 days indicated the potential applicability as fertilizers. Additionally, the actual seedling tests further confirm that the shell–Mg–P can be readily used as a slow-release fertilizer for the soil improvement and crop productivity.

Simultaneous ammonium and phosphate recovery and stabilization from urban sewage sludge anaerobic digestates using reactive sorbents

“…While different studies reported the precipitation of struvite, other authors using Mg(OH)2(s) composites described phosphate removal by adsorption onto Mg(OH)2(s) surface groups by formation of the inner-sphere complex (Romero-Güiza et al, 2015;Romero-Güiza et al, 2016Uludag-Demirer et al, 2008). Similar results were reported by Wang et al (2015) with a hybrid biomaterial prepared by encapsulation of nano-Mg(OH)2(s) onto discarded Artemia egg shells, which were evaluated as a slow-release fertilizer. Seedling tests further confirmed its properties for the soil improvement and crop productivity.…”

The Response of Microalgae Chlorella sp. to Free and Immobilized ZrO2 and Mg(OH)2 Nanoparticles: Perspective from the Growth Characteristics

“…One of the main reasons for the different responses of algae to free and fixed nanoparticles is probably due to the fact that the carrier blocked the nanoparticles escaping into the culture medium, and did not cause a large amount of particles to besiege the algae cells, and then influence the reproductive rate of algae, since nanoparticles are easy to agglomerate in water (Zhang et al, 2015). The different responses between D301-Mg and D301-Zr may be attributed to that nano-ZrO 2 immobilized on D301 is more stable than the nano-Mg(OH) 2 immobilized on D301 relatively (Zhang et al, 2013b(Zhang et al, , 2015Wang et al, 2015b). Besides, the aggregation mechanism of nanoparticles may be closely related to the particle size, zeta potential, surface charge, and wastewater composition (Zhang et al, 2008;Wang et al, 2011;Mukhopadhyay et al, 2013;Karunakaran et al, 2015), as well as the reason for the stimulation of D301-Zr to algae growth perhaps related to its adsorption of phosphorus (Wang et al, 2015a), which was one of main nutrients of algae.…”

“…I norganic metal oxide nanoparticles have been developed as adsorbents due to their higher surface area to volume ratio and high selectivity (Singh et al, 2018), and are commonly used in the wastewater treatment to remove phosphorus (Zhang et al, 2013a(Zhang et al, , 2016Wang et al, 2015a), heavy metals (Pan et al, 2007;Zhang et al, 2009;Teng et al, 2015;Rachna and Rimmy, 2019), and other pollutants (Qiao et al, 2019;Gusain et al, 2019). To solve the application defects of powder (free) inorganic metal oxide nanoparticles, such as pore plugging, aggregation, pore collapse, difficult solid-liquid separation and so on, the immobilized nanooxide/hydroxide is then prepared and applied (Zhang et al, 2013b(Zhang et al, , 2015Wang et al, 2015b).…”

Overview of recent advances in phosphorus recovery for fertilizer production

“…Here, a high surface to volume ratio offers the possibility to use Mg‐loaded Artemia egg shells, a waste product discarded in aquaculture, for P sorption in fixed‐bed and suspension‐based P recovery systems. The product is a completely degradable, slow release P‐fertilizer .The same principle is used for agricultural waste products .…”