Efficient organic solar cells based on a double p-i-n architecture using doped wide-gap transport layers

Drechsel, J.; Männig, B.; Kozlowski, F.; Pfeiffer, Martin; Leo, Karl; Hoppe, Harald

doi:10.1063/1.1935771

Cited by 203 publications

(113 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…[15b, [98][99][100][101][102][103] Small molecules are indeed very attractive for tandem cell manufacturing, since i) any interference of the individual layers as a result of solvent diffusion is absent and ii) the recombination layer is typically an evaporated metal layer a few nanometers thick.…”

Section: Tandem Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymer‐Fullerene Bulk‐Heterojunction Solar Cells

Dennler¹,

Scharber²,

Brabec³

2009

Advanced Materials

3,108

2,461

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Solution‐processed bulk‐heterojunction solar cells have gained serious attention during the last few years and are becoming established as one of the future photovoltaic technologies for low‐cost power production. This article reviews the highlights of the last few years, and summarizes today's state‐of‐the‐art performance. An outlook is given on relevant future materials and technologies that have the potential to guide this young photovoltaic technology towards the magic 10% regime. A cost model supplements the technical discussions, with practical aspects any photovoltaic technology needs to fulfil, and answers to the question as to whether low module costs can compensate lower lifetimes and performances.

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Section: Tandem Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymer‐Fullerene Bulk‐Heterojunction Solar Cells

Dennler¹,

Scharber²,

Brabec³

2009

Advanced Materials

3,108

2,461

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“…116 Alternatively, an effective means to space the subcells apart is by employing the p-i-n device architecture, 94 shown schematically in Figure 13(a). Here, p-and n-type wide-gap transport layers which optimally do not absorb the incident light are used to Figure 13(b), 119 with η P = 2·1% for the single cell and 3·8% for the tandem device. Here, the current for the tandem cell is lower than that of the single cell, likely due to a combination of a current mismatch Copyright Institute of Physics as well as the fact that both i layers are composed of the same DA combination.…”

Section: Tandem Cellmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solar cells utilizing small molecular weight organic semiconductors

Rand

Genoe

Heremans

et al. 2007

Progress in Photovoltaics

465

296

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In this review, we focus on the field of organic photovoltaic cells based on small molecular weight materials. In particular, we discuss the physical processes that lead to photocurrent generation in organic solar cells, as well as the various architectures employed to optimize device performance. These include the donor-acceptor heterojunction for efficient exciton dissociation, the exciton blocking layer, the mixed or bulk heterojunction, and the stacked or tandem cell. We show how the choice of materials with known energy levels and absorption spectra affect device performance, particularly the open-circuit voltage and short-circuit current density. We also discuss the typical materials and growth techniques used to fabricate devices, as well as the issue of device stability, all of which are critical for the commercialization of low-cost and high-performance organic solar cells.

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“…Indeed, the diffusion length of excitons to the donor-acceptor interface is much shorter than the optical absorption length [11,12]. Therefore, efficient energy conversion for practical applications requires significant improvements of charge transport and transfer processes [13][14][15][16]. In this context, a deeper understanding of the underlying structural mechanismswhich are responsible for the formation of the columnar phase-is of considerable importance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Density functional calculations of potential energy surface and charge transfer integrals in molecular triphenylene derivative HAT6

et al. 2009

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We investigate the effect of structural fluctuations on charge transfer integrals, overlap integrals, and site energies in a system of two stacked molecular 2,3,6,7,10,11-hexakishexyloxytriphenylene (HAT 6 ), which is a model system for conducting devices in organic photocell applications. A density functional based computational study is reported. Accurate potential energy surface calculations are carried out using an improved meta-hybrid density functional to determine the most stable configuration of the two weakly bound HAT 6 molecules. The equilibrium parameters in terms of the twist angle and co-facial separation are calculated. Adopting the fragment approach within the Kohn-Sham density functional framework, these parameters are combined to a lateral slide, to mimic structural/ conformational fluctuations and variations in the columnar phase. The charge transfer and spatial overlap integrals, and site energies, which form the matrix element of the Kohn-Sham Hamiltonian are derived. It is found that these quantities are strongly affected by the conformational variations. The spatial overlap between stacked molecules is found to be of considerable importance since charge transfer integrals obtained using the fragment approach differ significantly from those using the dimer approach.

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Efficient organic solar cells based on a double p-i-n architecture using doped wide-gap transport layers

Cited by 203 publications

References 21 publications

Polymer‐Fullerene Bulk‐Heterojunction Solar Cells

Polymer‐Fullerene Bulk‐Heterojunction Solar Cells

Solar cells utilizing small molecular weight organic semiconductors

Density functional calculations of potential energy surface and charge transfer integrals in molecular triphenylene derivative HAT6

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