Efficient optogenetic silencing of neurotransmitter release with a mosquito rhodopsin

Mahn, Mathias; Saraf-Sinik, Inbar; Patil, Pritish; Pulin, Mauro; Bitton, Eyal; Karalis, Nikolaos; Bruentgens, Felicitas; Palgi, Shaked; Gat, Asaf; Dine, Julien; Wietek, Jonas; Davidi, Ido; Levy, Rivka; Litvin, Anna; Zhou, Fangmin; Sauter, Kathrin; Soba, Peter; Schmitz, Dietmar; Lüthi, Andreas; Rost, Benjamin R.; Wiegert, J. Simon; Yizhar, Ofer

doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2021.03.013

Cited by 88 publications

(101 citation statements)

References 82 publications

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“…Given these caveats, BiPOLES may not be suitable for bidirectional control of developing neurons or presynaptic boutons. In this case, silencing may be more efficient with rhodopsin pumps, despite their own limitations 37 , 49 or with G-protein coupled rhodopsins 50 , 51 . As with any optogenetic application, neurophysiological parameters need to be considered by the experimenter, guiding the appropriate choice of the tool suitable to address the specific experimental requirements.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

BiPOLES is an optogenetic tool developed for bidirectional dual-color control of neurons

et al. 2021

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Optogenetic manipulation of neuronal activity through excitatory and inhibitory opsins has become an indispensable experimental strategy in neuroscience research. For many applications bidirectional control of neuronal activity allowing both excitation and inhibition of the same neurons in a single experiment is desired. This requires low spectral overlap between the excitatory and inhibitory opsin, matched photocurrent amplitudes and a fixed expression ratio. Moreover, independent activation of two distinct neuronal populations with different optogenetic actuators is still challenging due to blue-light sensitivity of all opsins. Here we report BiPOLES, an optogenetic tool for potent neuronal excitation and inhibition with light of two different wavelengths. BiPOLES enables sensitive, reliable dual-color neuronal spiking and silencing with single- or two-photon excitation, optical tuning of the membrane voltage, and independent optogenetic control of two neuronal populations using a second, blue-light sensitive opsin. The utility of BiPOLES is demonstrated in worms, flies, mice and ferrets.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

BiPOLES is an optogenetic tool developed for bidirectional dual-color control of neurons

et al. 2021

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“…Additionally, we had to wait 20-30 minutes for cells to be suppressed which allowed for shifts in odor representations. Novel techniques that enable more effective axon terminal suppression with high spatiotemporal precision and efficacy (Mahn et al, 2021) may enable a more robust interrogation of the effects of suppressing SLs on PYRs. These caveats notwithstanding, both the optogenetic and chemogenetic experiments showed effective SL suppression and indicated that SL suppression had little to no effect on PYR odor responses.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parallel processing by distinct classes of principal neurons in the olfactory cortex

Nagappan

Franks

2021

Preprint

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Understanding the specific roles that different neuron types play within a neural circuit is essential for understanding what that circuit does and how it does it. The primary olfactory (piriform, PCx) cortex contains two main types of principal neurons: semilunar (SL) and pyramidal (PYR). SLs and PYRs have different morphologies, connectivity, biophysical properties, and downstream projections, predicting distinct roles in cortical odor processing. The prevailing model is that odor processing in PCx occurs in two stages, where SLs are the primary recipients of olfactory bulb (OB) input, and PYRs receive and transform information from SLs. Here we recorded from optogenetically-identified SLs and PYRs in awake, head-fixed mice. We found differences in SL and PYR odor-evoked activity that reflect their different connectivity profiles. But SL responses did not precede PYR responses and suppressing SL activity had little effect on PYR odor responses. These results suggest that SLs and PYRs form parallel odor processing channels.

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“…Scarlet indicates expression of eOPN3 in V1 neurons. eOPN3 is a mosquito derived rhodopsin that inhibits neurotransmitter release when axon terminals are illuminated with light (here, green LED fiber; Mahn et al, 2021). For a similar rhodopsin see Copits et al (2021).…”

Section: Information In the V1 Projectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One exciting future direction is to reveal the role of direct V1 projections in a particular target area. This is now possible thanks to a recent tool, inhibitory opsins that suppress neurotransmitter synaptic transmission (Copits et al, 2021;Mahn et al, 2021). To reveal the contribution of the direct V1 projection to the target area, it is now possible to shine light at the direct axonal branch in the target area to selectively suppress neurotransmitter release only in this area (Figure 2).…”

Section: Future Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Projections of the Mouse Primary Visual Cortex

Resulaj

2021

Front. Neural Circuits

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Lesion or damage to the primary visual cortex (V1) results in a profound loss of visual perception in humans. Similarly, in mice, optogenetic silencing of V1 profoundly impairs discrimination of orientated gratings. V1 is thought to have such a critical role in perception in part due to its position in the visual processing hierarchy. It is the first brain area in the neocortex to receive visual input, and it distributes this information to more than 18 brain areas. Here I review recent advances in our understanding of the organization and function of the V1 projections in the mouse. This progress is in part due to new anatomical and viral techniques that allow for efficient labeling of projection neurons. In the final part of the review, I conclude by highlighting challenges and opportunities for future research.

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Efficient optogenetic silencing of neurotransmitter release with a mosquito rhodopsin

Cited by 88 publications

References 82 publications

BiPOLES is an optogenetic tool developed for bidirectional dual-color control of neurons

BiPOLES is an optogenetic tool developed for bidirectional dual-color control of neurons

Parallel processing by distinct classes of principal neurons in the olfactory cortex

Projections of the Mouse Primary Visual Cortex

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